细胞是怎么吃能量的？

有一段描述「神经细胞膜蛋白酶通过将ATP水解成能量，维持神经元离子泵的运作」，这里只说了能量维持离子泵的运作，想知道离子泵吸收这些能量的过程是怎样的（比如能量使泵的分子更活跃，表现上就是泵改变了形态将离子运出细胞，乱猜的），有什么具体原理

Maintenance of ion concentration across cell membranes of neurons (in this case resting potential, then K+ and Na+ concentration specifically) is done through two things: 1) leaking K+ channel (selective permeability is higher for K+ than for Na+) and 2) Na+/K+ pump, which hydrolyzes ATP to pump 2 K+ into and 3 Na+ out of the neuron. The Na+/K+ is the protein on the membrane that uses ATP as energy. Specific mechanism of Na+/K+ pump in hydrolyzing ATP - please search primary literature.

It is really important to notice that the maintenance of the resting potential doesn』t use energy - it is done through selective permeability - therefore electrochemical potential equaivalance on both side of the membrane. Na+/K+ pump only works to bring back the resting potential after disturbance due to IPSP/EPSP or action potential.

我觉得lz猜得很对啊。

以钠钾泵为例。3个胞内的钠离子先与钠钾泵上的结合位点结合。而后ATP与钠钾泵的ATP结合位点结合，使得ADP离去以及钠钾泵的构象改变，从而释放3个钠离子到胞外。然后2个胞外的钾离子与钠钾泵结合，而后钠钾泵上结合的磷酸基团离去，钠钾泵构象改变，从而释放2个钾离子到胞内。