刚刚在跟一小老外交流各自的语言,突然她提出了这个问题,把我也给难住了,有知友可以解答一下吗?小生在此谢过了!


虽然不知道你的外国友人是否讲英语,但是如果换成我用英语解释的话大概是这样(不保证准确性):

When 呢 is pronunced as ne in Mandarin, its an oral mode of expression in Chinese to express mostly emotions, similar to whats called 『tone or words like ah, uhuh, hm, meh in English. It serves as a modifier often placed at the end of sentences to modify the tone of the sentence or after another character to form a phrase that expresses exclamation or other emotion (like, e.g. 啊 as in 『天啊』 meaning 『oh my god, where 『天 means Heaven). So 呢 could be used to emphasize with exclamation, as in 真的呢!

It can also be used to soften the tone of a question, e.g compare 干嘛? with 干嘛呢?in certain scenarios, though in practices how soft the tone is would depend on how the utterer actually says it or mean it in a particular context.Unlike 啊 in Mandarin or 哈 in Cantonese, this usage of 呢 cannot be used by itself alone to form a phrasal sentence. That is to say, while there is 啊!or 啊?, there is no 呢!or 呢?Also notice that this usage of 呢 is mostly, if not only, in Mandarin. Other Chineses, such as Cantonese or Teochew/Southern Min, do not use this character in this way or in the same way. (For example, in Teochew, one can argue that 呢 is used as in 做呢?(meaning: What (do you want)? in response to name calling), but its simply raising a question; the tone of the question is not set or modified by 呢.)

When 呢 is pronunced as ní, its a verb or noun meaning mumble, or mumbling, often in the phrase 呢喃 (ní nán).

When pronunced as ní, 呢 may also be used to translate the sound of pronunciation in other languages, such as those in Chinese Buddhist canon.


汉语的语法包括语序和情态词两部分。呢是语法情态词,在语气词这个明细类。语气词是用在句末的,呢的用法原型是用在有疑问词「什么/哪/怎么/谁……」的疑问句的句末的(也可不用),用来辅助疑问语气的。在回答这些有疑问词的疑问句时,也可顺著这种语气来在答句句末也用呢(也可不用)。这一问一答里问句有时不出现而只出现答句,这时看起来像是呢用在单独的陈述句但其实性质还是默认了有个隐性的出现了呢的问句。呢和吗的区别是,吗是由陈述句变来的一般疑问句(有时出现疑问词是有从句嵌套)。


发现有chinese grammar wiki这个神奇的网站,应该蛮适合英文使用者自学或教学中文的。

https://resources.allsetlearning.com/chinese/grammar/呢?

resources.allsetlearning.com


不光是」呢「,还有 啊 呀 吧 啦 娜 就是 」啊「,因为前边声母就有音变

未结束的状态

让学习者感受这种语境,学习就进入一个状态


啊a、哦e、嗯en,作为语气词,是一回事,不同面部表情(夸张、有兴趣、平静)下的变体。呢ne,可以看成是哦e、嗯en的进一步变体——取消音前停顿,直接附著在词、句后面。也许可以跟老外这么讲:

比如:

你要什么?啊/嗯/哦?→ 你要什么呢?

我在写作业。啊/嗯/哦。→ 我在写作业呢。(/!)

1、「呢」的作用:强调。强调刚才说的那句话的意思。问句就强调整个问题,陈述句就强调说明的全内容,感叹句就强调表示心情的语气(开心、不开心、烦,等)。

2、为什么强调:担心你没听真切。(中国人重感情,担心是表达情感的一种办法,成习了)

3、附带语体色彩:随便,非正式。对亲近的人用,或者为了拉近关系用,或者为了表达故意不敬。


呢:厉害,张狂

示例:好小子,你挺呢啊


例1:你干嘛呢?我撒尿呢。用在句尾以询问或陈述当前状态。不能以是否回答,不能以ok不ok回答。

变1:我吃饱了,你呢?变2:是呢,怎么还不回家?

例2:-去把遥控过来。-好呢哪。无意义音节,常见于南方人卖萌。常见的还有「好了啦」

例3:呢子大衣。一种较厚较密的毛织品。

辨析:

你干嘛啊(呀)?

你干嘛呢?

新闻联播几点结束啊(哇,哪,呀)?

新闻联波几点结束呢?


想表示一种缓和(可爱、温柔、无奈等)的情绪的时候,就可以加呢,无论是否问句。

有些反问句、或者有人要搞事情,会加「呢」进行强调,个人认为这个是属于阴阳怪气,不应该算语法。


约=韩语的时候思密达?


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