如何看待特朗普指责世卫组织对疫情负有责任，说可能会停止对世界卫生组织的资助？

可能会带来哪些影响？

川皇老艺能了，先把屎盆子扣上，然后再威逼利诱，你不服他也不能拿你怎么样，你服了他就变本加厉。

川普只是想趁机减少开支罢了，因为美国的投入与其它国家相比相差甚大。

川普说: W.H.O. 「Got it wrong."在二月份，川普政府要求给WHO的贡献从原来计划的$1.226亿美元减少到$57.9百万，依然排头。

无能狂怒

本文来自《卫报》，看看外媒怎么说。

Trump scapegoating of WHO obscures its key role in tackling pandemic

特朗普甩锅世卫组织，称其未在抗疫过程中发挥主要作用

The director general of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, attends a news conference on Covid-19 in Geneva, Switzerland, on 24 February.

2月24日，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞在瑞士日内瓦参加一场新冠肺炎新闻会议。

The World Health Organization has a tiny budget – for which the US is in arrears – but experts have praised its response to the coronavirus crisis

虽然世界卫生组织预算很少，美国还拖欠会费，但是卫生专家们仍然对世卫组织的抗议行动大加赞赏。

Donald Trump has blamed the World Health Organization for failures in the initial response to the coronavirus pandemic, even threatening to cut its funding, but most health experts say it has performed well with limited resources.

唐纳德·特朗普指责世界卫生组织在应对新冠疫情之初工作不力，甚至威胁停止对世卫组织的资助。但大部分卫生专家表示，世卫组织在资源有限的情况下，工作开展得已经很不错了。

Accusing the WHO of giving bad advice, being 「China-centric」 and even withholding information, Trump claimed to have stopped US funding in a press briefing on Tuesday, only to claim a few minutes later that he was just considering it, pending a review of its performance.

周二，在一场新闻发布会上，特朗普指责世卫组织以「中国为中心」，提供错误建议，甚至隐瞒信息，并声称要停止对世卫组织的资助。但仅仅几分钟之后，他又表示停止资助的想法还只是在考虑当中，需要以观后效。

In fact, the US is already about $200m in arrears in assessed contributions (national membership fees). It has given more in donations, and was the biggest single donor in 2019 – certainly far more than China, which gives a paltry amount given the size of its economy.

Arrears：逾期欠款，拖欠中

实际上，美国已经拖欠了2亿美元摊款（世卫组织会费）。但是美国向世卫组织捐款的数额更大，它是2019年世卫组织最大的捐助国，其捐款额远超中国。但是鉴于美国本身巨大的经济规模，这一数额也微不足道。

But the US is far from providing the majority of the WHO』s funds, as Trump claimed, and its voluntary contributions have largely been tied to specific projects. WHO』s total annual budget is about $2.5bn, and contributions from member states have not significantly increased over three decades.

但是正如特朗所称，美国远未成为世卫组织的主要资金来源国，其捐助资金大部分都流向了特定项目。世卫组织年度预算总额大概是25亿美元，会员国的捐助在过去30年间并没有显著增长。

「The WHO』s budget is around the equivalent of a large US hospital, which is utterly incommensurate with its global responsibilities,」 said Lawrence Gostin, a public health law professor at Georgetown University. 「So, if the US president were a global health leader, he』d be leading a call to at minimum double the WHO budget in the face of this pandemic.」

Incommensurate：不相称的，不成比例的；

美国乔治城大学公共卫生法教授劳伦斯·高斯汀说：「世卫组织的年度预算和一所美国大型医院差不多，这与世卫组织在世界范围内肩负的职责完全不匹配。所以，如果特朗普是世卫组织总干事，面对此次疫情，他至少要求将世卫组织年度预算增加1倍。」

Global health experts have generally given the WHO good marks for its transparency and the speed with which it has responded to the coronavirus, under its director general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. It is universally seen as much better than its sluggish, error-strewn response to the Ebola outbreak in west Africa in 2014, three years before Tedros took over.

世界卫生领域的专家们认为，世卫组织在总干事谭德塞的领导下，能够公开透明、迅速及时地处置疫情，大家纷纷给出好评。他们普遍认为，世卫组织此次行动远超2014年，当时西非爆发埃博拉疫情，而当时世卫组织反应迟缓、失误频频。3年后，谭德塞才入主世界卫生组织，成为其最高领导。

Error-strewn：经常出错，错误不断；

「I have been a longstanding critic and I』ve described their performance on Ebola as catastrophic. But I think overall their performance on this outbreak has been, not perfect, but pretty good,」 Ashish Jha, a public health professor at Harvard, said.

哈佛大学公共卫生教授阿希什·贾表示：「我一直比较苛刻，我曾经把世卫组织应对埃博拉疫情的行动描述成一场灾难。虽然我认为他们这次的抗议行动并不完美，但是已经很不错了。」

「They』ve been very transparent as much as they have known the data. They have had daily calls, they have been very clear about the severity of this illness, and how the global community has to respond.」

「他们尽量公布已知数据，工作非常透明。他们每天都会进行电话会议，非常清楚本次疫情的严重程度，也明白全球各地是如何应对的。」

Anthony Fauci, the director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and Robert Redfield, the head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, took part in WHO conference calls about coronavirus from 7 January, according to sources familiar with the conversations.

According to sources familiar with the conversations：据知情人士透露；

据知情人士透露，美国国家过敏和传染病研究所所长安东尼·福西和美国疾控中心主任罗伯特·雷德菲尔德从1月7日起就加入了世卫组织的每日电话会议。

Tedros declared a 「public health emergency of international concern」 on 30 January, calling on governments to pursue containment and testing efforts. The declaration was criticised by some as coming several days too late, but others say the organisation』s awareness of the dangers was held back by China』s government, which initially suppressed information about the initial outbreak in Wuhan, and refused entry to WHO experts.

谭德塞在1月30日宣布这是一场「世界关注的公共卫生紧急事件」，呼吁各国政府采取控制和检测措施。有些人指责这份声明来得太迟，但是其他人表示，由于中国政府的阻碍，世卫组织没有及时认识到事态的严峻，中国在武汉疫情爆发初期隐瞒消息并拒绝世卫组织专家入境。

Donald Trump rails against the WHO at a White House coronavirus briefing on 5 April.

特朗普总统在4月5日的白宫疫情防控发布会上指责了世界卫生组织。

On the same day Trump was confidently predicting the coronavirus did not present a serious threat to the US, assuring Americans: 「It』s going to have a very good ending.」

当天，特朗普还信心满满地预测疫情不会给美国带来严重威胁，并向美国人民保证「疫情结束时一切都会恢复正常。」

Gavin Yamey, the director of Duke University』s center for policy impact in global health, said: 「If the United States had followed the WHO』s very clear advice on identifying cases, isolating cases and conducting contact tracing, then it wouldn』t be in the appalling situation that it is in today.」

杜克大学全球卫生政策影响中心主任盖文·雅米表示：「如果美国能够严格按照世卫组织的建议检测病例、隔离病患并追踪感染途径，那么就不会出现今天如此严重的情况。」

Despite its declaration, the WHO did not advocate travel restrictions of the sort imposed by Trump a day later on non-American travellers arriving from China. The president has pointed to this as an example of bad advice. But Gostin, who is director of the WHO centre on global health law, said that the organisation cannot generally call for travel bans under international law – and such bans can be counterproductive, leading countries to withhold vital information for fear of economic isolation.

Counterproductive：适得其反的；

尽管发表了声明，但世界卫生组织并没有呼吁各国采取美国那种旅行禁令。一天前，特朗普要求禁止来自中国的非美国旅客入境。他根据这点指出世界卫生组织给出了错误的建议。但是世界卫生组织全球卫生法律中心主任高斯汀表示，根据国际法，世卫组织一般不能要求旅行禁令，并且这种禁令也可能适得其反，导致各国因担心遭到经济孤立而隐瞒关键信息。

「To blame the WHO for acting on the basis of international law and science in ways that are entirely consistent with what WHO practices have been for decades is the height of hypocrisy,」 he said.

他说：「指责世卫组织在国际法和科学的基础上严格按照该组织数十年来的办事传统采取行动，这是非常虚伪的行为。」

Trump claimed that his ban 「shut down」 intercontinental transmission of the virus, but an ABC television investigation found that there were 3,200 flights from China to the US in the critical period between December and March.

特朗普声称他的禁令「阻止」了疫情在国际间蔓延，但是美国广播公司所做的一项调查发现，在疫情严重的去年12月到今年3月间，有3200架航班从中国飞往美国。

By the time Trump』s ban was announced, it was far too late to stop the virus entering the US. It was already rampant in US communities, but Trump continued to tell Americans that the outbreak would not affect them, and wholesale US testing failed to get off the ground for?another six weeks.

直到特朗普宣布旅行禁令，想阻止疫情传入美国已经为时已晚。此时，疫情已经在社区间蔓延，但是特朗普仍然坚持告诉美国人，疫情不会影响他们的生活，但是在接下来的6周，美国始终都没能进行大规模检测。

The US president』s accusations that the WHO is 「China-centric」 have more resonance with public health scholars. The WHO has largely excluded T from its discussions, and dodged questions about the Ts response, which has been one of the most effective. But because of pressure from Beijing – which sees T as an integral part of its territory and opposes any form of recognition –

the blindspot is a UN-wide phenomenon.

Dodged：回避的，逃避的；

Tedros also praised Chinese transparency and its national response, even though Beijing had tried to hide the seriousness of the situation in Wuhan for several critical weeks,.

Laud：赞美，称颂；

「I think the effusive praise for China, in the early days, was probably unnecessary,」 Jha said.

Effusive：热情洋溢、溢于言表；

贾教授说：「我认为疫情初期可能没必要热情洋溢地来赞美中国。」

Amanda Glassman, the executive vice-president and senior fellow at the Center for Global Development, said a deeper problem is the WHO』s low budget and relatively toothless structure. Unlike the nuclear watchdog, the International Atomic Energy Agency, it has no redress against governments that do not cooperate.

Redress：赔偿；

全球发展中心执行副总裁兼高级研究员阿曼达·格拉斯曼表示，更深层次的问题是世卫组织的预算低且相对没有权利。不像国际原子能机构这样的核监督机构，世界卫生组织没对法那些不配合的国家进行罚款。

「It operates in countries at the pleasure and permission of the host country governments. So in the case of China, to be allowed to enter China, it was a negotiation to get there,」 Glassman said.

格拉斯曼表示：「这就得看东道国政府脸色。所以在中国这件事上，想进入中国，就得通过协商。」

She added that the real challenge for the WHO has yet come, when the pandemic really hits poorer countries with fragile, underfunded health services, who rely heavily on the organisation.

她补充道，等疫情真正蔓延到那些卫生服务落后，资金不足且严重依赖世卫组织的贫穷国家时，世卫组织才算是面临真正的考验。

Unlike the Ebola outbreak in 2014, the US will not be there to take the lead, and it will be up to the WHO to coordinate scarce resources and expertise.

与2014年埃博拉疫情不同的是，如今美国不会再出面领导，只能靠世卫组织自己去协调短缺的物资和专业人员。

「Can they do that in 40 countries at once?」 Glassman asked. 「That is the part that remains to be tested.」

格拉斯曼问道：「世界上还有40个国家等著病毒检测，世卫组织能够立刻在这些国家开展检测服务吗？」

特朗普再次向人们展示了他并不拥有的权利。

能决定资金是否流向WHO的不是总统，而是国会。就目前而言，他没有任何能力断供WHO。

此外，成立并资助WHO的意义在于为世界上每个国家提供重大疾病的预警机制。这是关乎全人类卫生健康的重要机构，而不是蓬佩奥口中的「美国把美国纳税人的钱捐到WHO，那么WHO（以及其他所有国际组织）就应该为发挥它的作用（为美国的利益服务）」这狗屁话。（蓬佩奥在上面的新闻中还明确批评了WHO，认为是WHO的不作为是导致美国疫情变成这样的原因。）

最后，我们看看特朗普和蓬佩奥对WHO的指责有没有道理。我从不骂街，只诉诸事实。