SECTION III THIRD PARTIES

第三節　第三方

Article 21 Law applicable to competing rights

21.1. In case of more than one assignments are made by the same assignor relating to the same receivable, priority among the assignees will be determined by the general rules of law.

21.2. With the exception of matters that are settled elsewhere in this Law the law of the state in which the assignor is located governs the priority of the right of an assignee in the assigned receivable over the right of a competing claimant.

第二十一條　競爭權利的法律適用

21.1　若同一出讓人對同一應收賬款進行多次轉讓，則受讓人之間的優先權將由一般法律規則確定。

21.2　除本法已經規定的事項之外，由出讓人所在國法律決定受讓人就所轉讓應收賬款之權利對於競爭求償人權利的優先權。【注一】

Article 22 Special rules on proceeds

22.1. If proceeds are received by the assignee, the assignee is entitled to retain those proceeds to the extent that the assignee』s right in the assigned receivable had priority over the right of a competing claimant in the assigned receivable.

22.2. If proceeds are received by the assignor, the right of the assignee in those proceeds has priority over the right of a competing claimant in those proceeds to the same extent as the assignee』s right had priority over the right in the assigned receivable of that claimant if:

22.2.1. The assignor has received the proceeds under instructions from the assignee to hold the proceeds for the benefit of the assignee; and

22.2.2. The proceeds are held by the assignor for the benefit of the assignee separately and are reasonably identifiable from the assets of the assignor, such as in the case of a separate deposit or securities account containing only proceeds consisting of cash or securities.

22.3. Nothing in paragraph 2 of this article affects the priority of a person having against the proceeds a right of set-off or a right created by agreement and not derived from a right in the receivable.

第二十二條　對所得款項的特別規定

22.1　若受讓人收到付款，則受讓人有權在其於所轉讓應收賬款中對競爭求償人的優先權範圍內保有該款項。

22.2　若出讓人收到付款，則在該款項中受讓人優先於競爭求償人的權利，其範圍與受讓人於所轉讓應收賬款中優先於該求償人的權利相同：

22.2.1　出讓人依據受讓人的指示收到付款，為受讓人的利益持有該款項；且

22.2.2　所得款項由出讓人為受讓人利益而單獨持有並可以從出讓人資產中合理識別，例如獨立的、僅包含現金或證券收入的存款賬戶或證券賬戶。

22.3　本條第 2 款不影響對於該款項享有抵銷權或由協議產生且非源自應收賬款之權利一方的優先權。【注二】

Article 23 Subordination

An assignee entitled to priority may at any time subordinate its priority unilaterally or by agreement in favour of any existing or future assignees.

第二十三條　優先權下降

享有優先權的受讓人可隨時單方面或以協議方式降低其優先權以支持現有或未來的受讓人。

Article 24 Form of a contract of assignment

24.1. A contract of assignment concluded between persons who are located in the same state is formally valid as between them if it satisfies the requirements of either the law which governs it or the law of the state in which it is concluded.

24.2. A contract of assignment concluded between persons who are located in different states is formally valid as between them if it satisfies the requirements of either the law which governs it or the law of one of those states.

二十四條　轉讓合同的形式

24.1　同一國家當事人之間簽訂的轉讓合同，當其滿足所適用之法律或所依據簽訂之本國法律的要求時正式生效。

24.2　不同國家當事人之間簽訂的轉讓合同，當其滿足所適用之法律或其中一國之法律時正式生效。【注三】

Chapter V International Factoring

第五章　國際保理

Article 25 Relations between factors in international factoring

25.1. Relations between factors in international factoring transactions relating to the assignment of international receivables, e.g.

25.1.1. export factoring

25.1.2. import factoring

shall be governed by rules of an association of which the factors are members, and, in the absence of such rules, by the law agreed to by the factors.

25.2. Unless agreed otherwise by the factors involved or regulated by statutes or by-laws of an association of which the factors are members, the rules of Chapters I to IV shall apply accordingly.

第二十五條　國際保理商間的關係

25.1　與國際應收賬款轉讓事務相關的國際保理商間關係，例如

25.1.1　出口保理

25.1.2　進口保理

適用保理商協會之規則，在沒有相關規則的情況下，適用保理商所同意的法律。

25.2　除非相關保理商另有約定，或由保理商協會的規則或法律規定，應適用第 1-4 章的規則。【注四】

Article 26 Entry into force

26.1. This Law enters into force on ……

26.2. This Law applies only to assignments if the contract of assignment is concluded on or after the date when this Law enters into force.

第二十六條　生效

26.1　本法自……起生效。

26.2　本法僅適用於本法生效當日或之後所簽訂轉讓合同之轉讓。

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【注一】對同一筆應收賬款因抵觸轉讓而發生競爭求償時，應以轉讓行為發生地——出讓人所在國的法律確定優先權。

【注二】受讓人是應收賬款的權利人，若受讓人指示債務人付款至出讓人賬戶，該賬戶中收到的款項應視為受讓人財產，與出讓人的財產相隔離。

【注三】儘管示範法對於跨過應收賬款轉讓協議的生效條件認定為符合任何一國法律即生效，實務中雙方最好還是約定明確的管轄法律和管轄地。

【注四】國際保理的保理商之間關係，應適用雙方作為會員的保理協會規則，或雙方同意的法律規則。示範法本身是保理業務當事人之間權利義務的一個參照體系，並沒有絕對的強制力，可以通過協議方式對示範法的規則進行保留或修改。

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