細胞是怎麼吃能量的？

有一段描述「神經細胞膜蛋白酶通過將ATP水解成能量，維持神經元離子泵的運作」，這裡只說了能量維持離子泵的運作，想知道離子泵吸收這些能量的過程是怎樣的（比如能量使泵的分子更活躍，表現上就是泵改變了形態將離子運出細胞，亂猜的），有什麼具體原理

Maintenance of ion concentration across cell membranes of neurons (in this case resting potential, then K+ and Na+ concentration specifically) is done through two things: 1) leaking K+ channel (selective permeability is higher for K+ than for Na+) and 2) Na+/K+ pump, which hydrolyzes ATP to pump 2 K+ into and 3 Na+ out of the neuron. The Na+/K+ is the protein on the membrane that uses ATP as energy. Specific mechanism of Na+/K+ pump in hydrolyzing ATP - please search primary literature.

It is really important to notice that the maintenance of the resting potential doesn』t use energy - it is done through selective permeability - therefore electrochemical potential equaivalance on both side of the membrane. Na+/K+ pump only works to bring back the resting potential after disturbance due to IPSP/EPSP or action potential.

我覺得lz猜得很對啊。

以鈉鉀泵為例。3個胞內的鈉離子先與鈉鉀泵上的結合位點結合。而後ATP與鈉鉀泵的ATP結合位點結合，使得ADP離去以及鈉鉀泵的構象改變，從而釋放3個鈉離子到胞外。然後2個胞外的鉀離子與鈉鉀泵結合，而後鈉鉀泵上結合的磷酸基團離去，鈉鉀泵構象改變，從而釋放2個鉀離子到胞內。