Some people think that the automobile has improved modern life. Others think that the automobile has caused serious problems. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

有些人認為汽車改進了生活，另外有些人認為汽車產生了嚴重的問題。你的觀點如何？

1 汽車是主要的空氣污染源

段落大意：汽車尾氣是空氣的重要污染源，會加劇溫室效應，降低空氣質量。

Automobiles are the leading cause to Americas air pollution problem. Cars release toxic emissions that damage our environment, hurting our environment by adding to the greenhouse effect, damaging air quality, and decreasing the ozone, not to mention the growing smog problems, disasters done with landfill and the effects done to our water supply, which all are connected with the greenhouse effect, ozone depletion, and air quality.

2 溫室氣體的排放增加溫室效應

段落大意：汽車尾氣會加劇溫室效應，造成氣溫上升，生物死亡等後果。

Cars damage our environment by the emissions released from the combustion system of an automobile. Toxic gases weaken the atmosphere allowing for more infrared rays to enter. Having more infrared rays reflected on the Earth warms the Earth, raising the temperature, causing certain vegetation life to die off, the snow caps to melt. Carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide are two greenhouse gases that damage our Earths atmosphere. Reducing the amount of these greenhouse gases will greatly help controlling these effects.

3 汽車尾氣對於人體有健康隱患

段落大意：汽車尾氣所含危害人體健康成分，會對人體健康造成很大傷害。

Cars release 30 percent of the carbon dioxide in the earths air. Carbon dioxide is released from the tailpipe of a car and can do much damage to the human respiratory system. Every time an automobile burns a gallon of gasoline it releases 22 pounds of carbon dioxide. Carbon monoxide is also a damaging greenhouse gas. Cars account for 76 percent of the carbon monoxide in the earths air.

4 汽車給出行帶來便利

段落大意：汽車為人們的交通出行提供了便利條件。

Transportation plays a very important role in America. The automobile is the main form of transportation in America, connecting people from point A to point B. America is covered with roads that transport cars and people could across such areas from the islands of the Florida Keys to under the mountains of the Colorado Rockies. Cars offer fast reliable transportation, offering drivers access to anywhere with roads.

5 政府應該鼓勵公共交通發展

段落大意：政府應該鼓勵公共交通事業的發展。

Cars might be seen as a fast and free way to travel, but at whose expense. There are solutions to fix this problem, Americans can support mass transit, electric sources of transportation, or choose other forms of transportation that do not harm the environment. One day in the future we will laugh at how we would stand around and admire the deep hum of a car』s tailpipe. Not caring about how the emissions released damaged our lungs, and environment. Massive change must be addressed, reducing the amount of driving time around America. This would benefit every citizen and generations to come. The creation of the automobile has dug America a deep hole. This hole can not be filled in or hidden up. This hole can and will endanger human』s life in the near future. However America can choose to stop digging this hole, we can choose to select alternatives. In hope that Mother Nature can one day replenish its goodness to the way it was meant to be.

The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century will bring? Use examples and details in your answer.

有些人認為計算機使生活更加容易方便，另外有些人認為計算機使生活更加複雜和緊張。你的觀點如何？

Some people say that the Internet provides people with a lot of valuable information. Others think access to so much information creates problems. Which view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

有些人認為互連網給人們提供另外很多有價值的信息，另外有些人認為太多的信息產生問題。你的觀點如何？

1 網路隊與人們生活的便利

段落大意：網路會給人們帶來很多信息，幫助人們緩解無聊情緒，幫助宣傳，總體上給人們生活帶來便利。

Overall the internet is a fast way to obtain information from a lot of different sources. It』s a good time killer if you are bored as it has billions and billions of different websites to explore. The internet is also a good way of advertising and selling and equally purchasing items. Although there are many drawbacks, the internet has more advantages than disadvantages.

2 網路的普及現狀

段落大意：網路在本世紀迅速普及。人們利用電腦和網路可以做很多事情，例如寫郵件，瀏覽信息等。

In 21st century, the Internet has become very popular around the world. Since technology has improved, many people can use the Internet at home. From the Internet, people can write or receive emails, get information from around the world, or chat with friends or other people in different countries in instant messages with clear voices and images that shorten the distance from person to person. Also, there is no time limit. One can use the Internet whenever one wants. In addition, it is very inexpensive, so it is a very convenient type of media. However, some companies or people set up a lot of traps through websites, emails, or instant messaging to advertise their erotic business or to commit crimes, so we have to be careful.

3 網路能夠提供信息和娛樂資源

段落大意：人們利用網路獲取各種各樣的信息，進行遊戲。

People use the internet to gather information for all sorts of things. This could be information regarding school work which is a popular category or it could be simple things like reading about a film review. They used the internet prior to interview and used it for e-mailing. People also make use of the internet by gathering information about travel and accommodation and to order or cancel tickets for various events. The internet is also widely used for the huge range of games that it offers and downloading a range of things like software and sometimes music, which can be illegal.

4 網路信息過度公開的弊端

段落大意：網路信息過度公開，面對著對私人信息保密責任的挑戰。

The Internet is the world』s largest international computer network. It allows users to access substantial amounts of information held at various locations all over the world, and it has challenged the organization of obligations and the responsibilities with respect to the processing of personal data.

5 網路道德缺失的現狀

段落大意：網路雖然在商業，教育等領域起著重要作用，但是網路的道德體系存在問題。

No one denies that the Internet is the most useful tool for research, business, and education, yet the Internet is the subject of a topic that is as controversial as the legalities of abortion or homosexual rights. Many racy, illegal, and controversial materials are available on the Internet such as pornography and pirated software; on the other hand, many educational tools are on-line as well. This brings a need for a case of ethics in the Internet realm.

6 個人自由的質疑

段落大意：在網路上個人表達的自由，受到嚴重質疑。

The Internet is a carrier of a vast array of information. It provides people all over the world with the opportunity to publish their thoughts, opinions, and virtually any type of information. At the same time, it allows information to be accessed by anyone with a computer worldwide. This has caused ongoing debate regarding the freedom of expression.

7 網路的社會危害

段落大意：網路上很多信息會對社會造成損害。

There is a large amount of information on the Internet that is harmful and found to be socially unacceptable. This type of harmful information can lead to criminal activity, thus becoming a threat to our society. For example, the instructions on how to build a bomb are readily available on the Internet. Some people who view this may be influenced to build the bomb. This could lead to the terrorism.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made communication between people less personal. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

電話和E-MAIL是人們之間的交流變的更加沒有人情味，同意與否？

1 電話為人們生活帶來好處

段落大意：電話的發明是很偉大的事情。

The modern telephone is the result of work done by many people, all worthy of recognition of their contributions to the field. Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent the telephone, an "apparatus for transmitting vocal or other sounds telegraphically" after experimenting with many primitive sound transmitters and receivers. However, the history of the invention of the telephone is a confusing mass of claims and counterclaims, further worsened by lawsuits which attempted to resolve the patent claims of several individuals.

2 電話的出現極大的改善了人們的溝通情況。

Three, maybe four times in recent history, a new technology has been introduced that has fundamentally transformed human society by changing the way people communicate with each other. For the most part, the moment in which these new technologies came into being are preserved with a kind of clarity and drama that is both thrilling and unforgettable.

3 電子郵件普及的現狀

段落大意：電子郵件在人們之間廣泛普及，人們利用電子郵件交流，便利，快捷。

E-mail is short for electronic mail. E-mail is not only for fun but plays a large part in effective communication between major businesses. Almost everybody connected on the internet has an e-mail account. E-mail is not only a useful way to send text messages to other computers almost instantaneously, but you can add attachments.

4 電子郵件的出現前所未有的改變了人們的交流方式。

"A surprising aspect of the message service is the unplanned, unanticipated, and unsupported nature of its birth and early growth," reads a report on e-mail written for ARPA in 1976. "It just happened, and its early history has seemed more like the discovery of a natural phenomenon than the deliberate development of a new technology." One reason that it was adopted so quickly was that it perfectly suited the communications needs and style of the engineers who built the electronic way of communication.

5 電子郵件飛速的普及是時代的一大特徵。

We in the ARPA community (and no doubt many others outside it) have come to realize that we have in our hands something very big, and possibly very important. It is now plain to all of us that message service over computer networks has enormous potential for changing the way communication is done in all sectors of our society. In 1996, for the first time, more electronic mail was sent than postal mail in the U.S. Almost from its creation, email has been the most widely used internet application, and in that respect can claim to be the most important. These same capabilities also underlie the technology of mailing lists.

Choose one of the following transportation vehicles and explain why you think it has changed peoples lives. * Automobiles * bicycles * airplanes Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

選擇汽車，自行車，和飛機中的一種交通工具解釋為什麼你認為它改變了人們的生活。

1 汽車的重要意義

段落大意：車對人有很重要的象徵作用和實際作用。成年人為擁有汽車而驕傲

One of the most important steps in becoming an adult is your first car. When you have a car, you don』t need to rely on other people for rides to where you want to go. The automobile has become a very important part of today』s society. It is a necessity to own or to access to a car in order to keep up with all of the competition of the business world, and also one』s social demands.

2 汽車對社會的影響

段落大意：汽車工業對社會發展有著長遠的影響。汽車工業影響著人們的生活，文化，經濟發展。

The automobile has changed the lives, culture, and economy of the people and nations that manufacture and demand them. Ever since the late 1800s when the first 「modern」 car was invented by Benz and Daimler in Germany, the industry has grown into a billion dollar industry affecting so many aspects of our lives. There are more than 400 million passenger cars alone on the roads today.

3 飛機的發明歷史

段落大意：Orville Wright 和 Wilbur Wright發明瞭歷史上第一架飛機。

Orville Wright (1871-1948) and Wilbur Wright (1867-1912) requested a patent application for a "flying machine" nine months before their successful flight in December 1903, which Orville Wright recorded in his diary. As part of the Wright Brothers systematic practice of photographing every prototype and test of their various flying machines, they had persuaded an attendant from a nearby lifesaving station to snap Orville Wright in full flight. The craft soared to an altitude of 10 feet, traveled 120 feet, and landed 12 seconds after takeoff. After making two longer flights that day, Orville and Wilbur Wright sent this telegram to their father, instructing him to "inform press."

4飛機的好處

段落大意：飛機給人們的出行等方面帶來極大的便利和好處。

Generally the whole world has enjoyed the benefits of the aircraft, which has increased the overall efficiency of the human race and made travelling possible and affordable for nearly all the people on this earth. Aircrafts have shrunk the size of our earth by providing the safest mode of transportation of passengers and cargo in the least possible time between two points. Aircraft have also provided us means of defending our countries and hitting back at people who attack us. Lastly, it has been put to numerous other uses - from scientific study of the natural world to warfare.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

有著技術的支持，現在學生更快，更多地獲得信息。同意與否？

1 電腦互聯網的好處

段落大意：電腦和互聯網給學生學習提供了很好的機會。大部分學生可以接觸到大量信息，和教授交流，對他們的學習很有好處。

Computer and internet have changed the world of education in innumerable ways. Most students now have access to countless sources of information. They can also talk to experts in multitudes of professions. Many students now learn to type before they learn to write in cursive.

2 多媒體的教學作用

段落大意：多媒體和互聯網給學生的學習帶來便利。它們實現了網路教學的可能性。

Some sites contain valuable tools and accessories to aid in the learning process. As well as notes and multimedia displays, they may include things like hypertext chapters. In the future, there may not even be a need for paper textbooks. The Internet has also enabled teachers to teach a class from thousands of miles away. With video conferencing, a professor in Guam can teach a class in Michigan in close to real-time. Virtually all libraries are now connected over the Internet. At Lake Superior State University you can check the catalogs of almost any library and even check out books from nearby libraries.

3 網路和電腦對於課堂的重要作用

段落大意：網路和電腦已經被帶入各個課堂之中，對教師和學生都有幫助。

Due to the expansion of the Internet in recent years, schools and universities around the world have been incorporating more technology into their classrooms. Computers are present on college campuses, and many teachers are including them for class activities on a daily basis. With email, a teacher can be in contact with his or her students outside the classroom to discuss class work. Computers in the classroom are extremely beneficial for students, more importantly; the use of the Internet allows students easily access to abundant information.

4 信息繁榮隱藏的弊端 段落大意：信息的繁榮帶來真實性缺少保障的負面效應。

With so much information available, one can never be sure as to what the credentials are of the sources from which the information is coming from. Free space for WebPages is easily available at places like Tripod and Geocities. This allows anyone to put up any kind of information that they would like to know, but makes it difficult to discern fact from fiction. Any twelve year old can create a page filled with conspiracy theories about UFOs and unsuspecting people might take it as facts.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Modern technology is creating a single world culture. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

現代技術正在產生世界統一文化，同意與否？

1 科技發展使得地球村出現

段落大意：現代科技使得世界變得越來越小，地球村已經出現。新技術使得文化，交流相互影響，趨向於統一。

It is evident our world is becoming a smaller place. We now have overnight delivery of packages, email communication and the ever so popular cellular communication. Globalization and increased international business can be directly attributed to mass media and mass transit. The concept of globalization sometimes approaches this change as being one which either should or will result in a complete homogenization of culture and the formation of a unified global community.

2 科技發展使得文化趨向全球化

段落大意：全球化進程包括了文化的全球化。

The term globalization has come into common usage since the 1980s, reflecting technological advances that have made it easier and quicker to complete international transactions including both trade and financial flows. It refers to an extension beyond national borders of the same market forces that have operated for centuries at all levels of human economic activity. Globalization can be looked at from five different aspects: economically, technologically, politically, culturally and environmentally.

3 人們聯繫緊密

段落大意：由於全球化進程的加快發展，人類彼此之間聯繫的越來越緊密。

People around the world are more connected to each other than ever before. Products produced in one part of a country are available to the rest of the world. It is much easier for people to travel, communicate and do business internationally. This whole phenomenon has been called globalization. Spurred on in the past by merchants, explorers, colonialists and internationalists, globalization has in more recent times been increasing rapidly due to improvements in communications, information and transport technology.

4 科技使得全球化進程加快

段落大意：科技的發展，為文化全球化奠定基礎。

Technology has now created the possibility and even the likelihood of a global culture. The Internet, fax machines and satellites have swept away the old national cultural boundaries. Global entertainment companies now seem to shape the understandings and dreams of ordinary citizens, wherever they live. Globalization leads to better cultural unit.

5 全球化在政治、經濟、文化表現

段落大意：全球化使得政治, 經濟，文化三方面都產生統一。

Globalization is the growing interdependence of the worlds people that involves the integration of economies, technologies, and cultures (Bradshaw). It is described as the increased movement of people, knowledge and ideas, and goods and money across national borders that have led to the increased interconnectedness among the world. Globalization is often thought of in economic terms but as we know there are three major components implicated with this idea including: economics, politics, and cultures. Some associate globalization with modernization whereas, it is perceived that there is an alteration of "traditional" societies into "Western" industrial ones. This challenges us into a debate of whether or not globalization is positive or negative.

Do you agree or disagree that progress is always good? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

進步總是好的，同意與否？

1 科技的進步使得很多人失業

段落大意：由於技術發展，機器已經可以替代很多人力資源，這造成了大量的失業。

Another aspect in which progress has proven not to be good is in the need for human labor. The use of advanced computers has created a technological world, where manual labor is not needed as much as before. The computer as a precise machine without a need for social benefits or salary demands has replaced the need for working hands, leaving many without a job. It is no doubt that a lot of people around the world have lost not only their job but also their pride in what they do.

2 科技進步促進醫學發展

段落大意：醫學發展對人類有好處。

Progress in the field of medicine and engineering has decreased child mortality, increased longevity and terminal diseases disappeared. This has increased the life span.

3技術進步拉大貧富差距

段落大意：技術的進步進一步拉大貧富差距。

On the other hand, industrialization has widened the gap between the rich and the poor. The rich is becoming richer and the poor is becoming poorer. The rich can avail all the facilities and enjoy them but the poor cannot afford to buy all facilities and cannot enjoy them.

What discovery in the last 100 years has been most beneficial for people in your country? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

過去100年內哪種發現對你們國家的人們好處最大？

1 疫苗的發現對人類的意義

段落大意：疫苗的發明使得人們身體素質得到增強。

There are many diseases infecting children, such as the polio disease, which may lead to death. Scientists found a solution to this problem, by injecting a tiny sample of the virus into the childs blood, in order to stimulate the immune system to fight the disease if the child catches it, which is known as vaccination.

2 抗生素的發現對人類的意義

段落大意：抗生素的發現，使得人們在基本消除了細菌帶來的污染和疾病。

Antibiotics have played a major role in our society thanks to Sir Alexander Flemings careful observations in 1928. Without it, many lives would be in danger due to infectious diseases. Antibiotics are chemical substances produced by various species of microorganisms and other living systems that are capable in small concentrations of inhibiting the growth of or killing bacteria and other microorganisms. These organisms can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, or animals called protozoa. A particular group of these agents is made up of drugs called antibiotics, from the Greek word anti ("against") and bios ("life"). Some antibiotics are produced from living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, and molds. Others are wholly or in part synthetic - that is, produced artificially. Penicillin is perhaps the best known antibiotic. Its discovery and later development is among mankinds greatest achievements. Antibiotics have enabled the medical profession to treat effectively many infectious diseases, including some that were once life-threaten diseases.

The 21st century has begun. What changes do you think this new century will bring? Use examples and details in your answer.

21世紀開始了，你認為新世紀會有什麼變化？

1 環境問題被重視和改善

段落大意：人類行為已經給環境帶來很大傷害，幸運的是這些問題通過人類的努力，可以得到緩解或者解決。

Since the earliest days, the human race has sought to bend the natural environment to its will; since the first Man cut the first branch from a tree, a battle has been fought between mankind and Mother Nature. Rivers have been dammed, forests cleared away and mountains leveled in our quest to mould the environment to our needs. Our blinkered onslaught against the planet reached a terrible peak in the middle of the last century. Since then we have begun to realize the damage that has been done in the name of progress and civilization, but it was too late. Countless species of flora and fauna have been wiped from the face of the planet never to be seen again. Vast areas of once lush vegetation have been turned to dust. Fortunately all the problems people have thrown light on can be reverse by the hand of people.

2 政府在改善環境方面的努力

段落大意：政府在改善環境問題方面期盼會有更大的努力。

Environment can be defined as the natural features of our surroundings such as plant and animal life and their habitats, water, soils and the atmosphere. The impact of people on their environment can be devastating. This is where the respective role of governments can make decisions that shape environmental policy and responsibilities. These governments can be broken up into four different levels: local, state, federal and international.

3 言論自由更加被保障

段落大意：言論自由得以保障。

With the First Amendment states, we as Americans are given numerous freedoms. These freedoms become a constitutional right which no one can take away from us. Among these rights are the freedom of speech and freedom of the press. Many people feel that with these two freedoms combined they can post on the Internet whatever they want. However, the First Amendment does have limitations. Contrary to what some people may believe, our freedom of speech is not protected when it comes to indecency. This fact, along with several other reasons, is why cyber-pornography should no longer be present on the Internet.

4 網路審查更加嚴格

段落大意：網路被證明是很好的教育資源，但是為了普及網路，網路內容必須經過審查。

For many people, using the Internet has become practically a new way of life, especially for college students and the like. Various types of information can be accessed at the touch of a button: anything from encyclopedias, to surveys and essays, to articles from magazines, and adult sites. Anyone who pays for their Internet service is usually offered the opportunity to surf in the internet. But what would be resulted from this freedom to children? If adults can access this information with such ease, what』s stopping kids from checking it out too? Who decides what』s appropriate for kids and what』s not when their parents aren』t constantly leaning over their shoulders? And what about posting things that may be off ethic? In this case, too many people are calling for internet censorship.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Technology has made the world a better place to live. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

技術使得這個世界更加適合居住，同意與否？

1 技術使得世界越來越小

段落大意：全球化趨勢在技術發展的支持下，將世界變得越來越小。電子郵件和視頻電話等新興技術，使得人們的交流和商品、資金的流動變得容易。

Globalization and increased international business can be directly attributed to mass media and mass transit. With new technologies such as videophone, Internet chat and Internet meeting rooms the thought of globalization becomes a reality for even the smallest of companies. The concept of globalization sometimes approaches this change as being one which either should or will result in a complete homogenization of culture and the formation of a unified global community.

2 全球化消除了國家間的界限

段落大意：全球化進程弱化了國家間界限，提高生活水平，增加國際貿易的好處。

「Global integration is shrinking time, shrinking space and eroding national boundaries.」 Globalization is possibly the most important force describing the process of increasing integration and interdependence between national economies. It depicts the breaking down of national boundaries leading to the establishment of a single world market. This inevitable process of globalization will continue to be accelerated by the electronic revolution. Advancement in telecommunications and information technology has lead to growth in cross border relationships initiated by the drivers of globalization. Embracing globalization is encouraged due to its explicit benefits including reducing poverty, increasing living standards and increasing world trade. These advantages must be weighed against the negative impacts of loss of environmental quality, dominance of transnational corporations and exploitation of labor.

3 經濟和科技上的發展使得全球化進程加快

段落大意：經濟和科技的發展，使得資金的流通，人們的交流越來越容易。

Economically, globalization has been greatly encouraged since the Second World War, with the introduction of free trade agreements. Additionally, regional trade agreements have also been developed, which have included single markets established by the European Community and NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement). Technologically, the Information Technology revolution has resulted in massive improvements in communication, through faxes, email, and the internet. These improvements have resulted in the world becoming a smaller place as world-wide interaction is both quick and easy.

４技術發展帶來環境問題

段落大意：技術的發展帶來了嚴重的環境問題。

Environmentally problems are increasingly becoming global problems. Therefore, countries are no longer able to look at environmental issues in isolation. This has been dramatically illustrated for example by the nuclear disaster at Chernobyl, the depletion of the ozone layer and acid rain over Scandinavia. Countries now need to act collectively to reverse the situation.

When you write your answer, you are not limited to the examples listed in the question. It is generally agreed that society benefits from the work of its members. Compare the contributions of artists to society with the contributions of scientists to society. Which type of contribution do you think is valued more by your society? Give specific reasons to support your answer.

藝術家還是科學家對社會貢獻大？

1 藝術和科學的相似性

段落大意：藝術和科學並不是互相割裂的。科學在特殊中找普遍，而藝術旨在抓住特殊，啟蒙大眾。

Throughout the history of man, art has been a method for communication, and in the process it has alternatively shocked and soothed the world. Similarly, science has also disturbed and reassured the society. This much is evident through an evaluation of both studies. Science can be seen as the study of what is held in common between many particular instances. Art, among other things, is an attempt to capture the specific, and thus illuminate the general.

2 科學和藝術人們都需要

段落大意：人們需要科學和藝術雙方，科學和藝術的平衡纔是人們學習的方向。

One needs both art and science to be fulfilled. If we see a play, the lighting is manipulated and the props are measured and cut to a certain size. In music there is rhythm and time. In architecture there is measurement and surveying. If art is focused upon more than science or science is focused upon more than art there will not be an equal balance of appreciation between the two fields. There is no art without science. There is no song without pitch and tone and volume. There is no theater without costumes and measurements and carefully designed sets. Art and science should be equally appreciated because each has a great deal to offer.

3 藝術和科學在現實中的並存

段落大意：藝術和科學並不是互相割裂存在，任何事物都有其科學和藝術雙面性。

Art is not only part of society, but is the product of the beliefs and values of the artist and the audience. I believe that the world is divided in the same manner as the human brain. There are both scientific side and artistic side. Everything in the world can be placed in at least one of the two categories. Furthermore, I believe that neither side is dominant over the other.

4 科學的積極作用

段落大意：科學，技術的進步，為人類生活帶來無限好處。

Technology is knowledge of using tools and machines to do tasks more efficiently. We use technology to control the world we live in. Science and Technology are making advances at an astonishing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are part of a new world of discoveries and inventions made possible by Science. Fields like Medicine and communications have changed our cultures and our lifestyles.

If you could invent something new, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why this invention is needed.

如果可能，你會發明一樣什麼東西？

1. 發明節能設備，例如綠色高效節能燈---保護環境

Changing the world starts with simple actions. When you replace light bulbs or entire light fixtures in your home with ones that have earned the government』s ENERGY STAR, you help preserve energy resources and reduce the risks of global warming while saving money and time buying and changing lights in your home.

To save the most energy and money, replace your highest used fixtures or the light bulbs in them with energy-efficient models. The five highest use fixtures in a home are typically the kitchen ceiling lights, the living or family room table and floor lamps, and outdoor porch or post lamp. ENERGY STAR qualified lighting fixtures and replacement bulbs can be found at home improvement and hardware stores, lighting showrooms, and other retail stores, including on-line outlets. Find a retailer in your area with our Find a Store feature.

The smallest things can add up to a real difference. We encourage you to change out the light fixtures or bulbs at home that you use most with ENERGY STAR qualified models. If every American home replaced their 5 most frequently used light fixtures or the bulbs in them with ones that have earned the ENERGY STAR, we would save close to $8 billion each year in energy costs, and together we would prevent the greenhouse gases equivalent to the emissions from nearly 10 million cars.

2. Invention改善人們生活

人類生活被每一個人類的Invention所不斷優化，改善著

From new modern-day conveniences like computers, cell phones and MP3 players, to the little things that we take for granted every day like electricity, running water, automobiles, telephones and airplanes, the world has evolved into what we know today thanks to the art of invention.

3. Invention的定義

Defined as the process of discovering or presenting an element of novelty that will be of use to someone or something, inventing has been continuously occurring for centuries. An invention may be based on an earlier idea or collaboration, or may be en entirely new breakthrough alltogether.

4. 一些重要的Invention的實例和意義

Some of the greatest inventors of all time, including Thomas Edison, Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Graham Bell, George Eastman, Steve Jobs and the Wright brothers, all had one thing in common: they wanted to make life a little easier and more convenient for the rest of us.

An invention is essentially just a good idea that serves a purpose. The only goal an invention has to accomplish is solving some kind of problem. Whether it』s making it easier for wheelchair-bound individuals to get around, or the scientific discovery of a new medical vaccine, every invention fits into its own significant role in society.

5. 富蘭克林的很多奇思妙想的發明創意，提供給大家作為寫這個題目的素材

Some of Ben Franklins Quirkiest Ideas

The glass armonica

Franklin loved music, playing and composing it himself. On one of many trips he would take to England he saw a performer play a tune by stroking the rims of water glasses, each a different size and filled with varying amounts of liquid. Intrigued by the concept, Franklin set about creating a more structured version of the rim trick. With a glassmakers help, the armonica was born. A wooden stand propped up 37 glass hemispheres on a rotating rod, which Franklin ran moistened fingers along to produce a variety of notes depending on the thickness of the glass. Both Mozart and Beethoven would eventually compose classical pieces specifically intended for the instrument.

Swim fins

An avid swimmer, Franklin was drawn to water at a young age and consistently promoted the healthy benefits of the exercise in his later writings. At the ripe old age of 11 he invented a pair of fins that, unlike todays modern flippers, were strapped to the swimmers hands to help make each stroke more efficient. His contributions to the sport led to his posthumous induction into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.

The library chair & extension arm

Spending an inordinate amount of time among the stacks at the library he founded in Philadelphia, Franklin was inclined to improve the simple devices he used while enjoying his books. First, he converted a regular library chair into a multi-functional appliance that could be sat on or used as a small ladder. For those books still out of reach, Franklin devised an extendable "arm" with fingers that opened and closed by pull cord.

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