# 引言 Introduction

最近在學習極簡主義

的時候，有幸看到一本《斷舍離》。Recently, when I was learning Minimalism, fortunately I had the privilege to see a book called Danshari. 第一眼看到這個名字時，我就覺得充滿了韻味，心想它一定有個很有意思的出處。果然，這是作者山下英子，大學期間開始學習瑜伽，並通過瑜伽參透了放下心中執唸的修行哲學「斷行，舍行，離行」，取其名「斷舍離」。書中的內容幾乎顛覆了一個人的生活方式，而其中更重要的是人生智慧的實踐。When I first saw the name, I felt full of charm and thought it must have a very interesting origin. Sure enough, this is the author Yamashita Yingzi, who began to learn yoga during her university years. Through yoga, she drew on the philosophy of practice of "Dan, Sha, Ri" and named it "danshari". The content of the book almost subverts a persons way of life, and more importantly, the practice of life wisdom.

# 問題

那我們就開門見山，先看看自己生活中是否有以下情況：Lets get to the point and see if there are any situations in our life as follows: 1. 一個東西不需要的時候總是出現，需要的時候弄死找不到。 Something always appears when it is not needed, and it cant be found when it is needed. 2. 身邊的雜物越堆越多，卻怎麼都丟不掉，因為「捨不得」、「好可惜」； More and more clutters are around you, but you wouldnt throw them away, because you "grudge" and "feel pity". 3. 不斷地買新東西，怎麼都停不了手，因為「萬一沒有……」、「總有一天會用到」，「因為這是重要的人送我的」 Continuous shopping for new things, and can not stop, because "in case there is no..." "It will be used one day", or because "it was given to me by an important person."

4. 想把屋子收拾乾淨卻遲遲不肯行動，因為收拾「很麻煩」、「費時間」；箱子櫃子總是塞得滿滿的，甚至擔心一打開它就會出現天崩地裂的慘象。

You always want to clean up the house but hesitate to move, because cleaning up is "very troublesome" and "time-consuming"; the box cabinet is always full, and even fear that once it opens, there will be a tragic phenomenon of earth-shattering. 如果你現在在家裡，那麼請你環顧一下四周......If you are at home now, please look around...

# A New Idea

在書中，作者針對以上現象做出了詳細分析和解決方案，她推行「斷舍離」，並這樣定義「斷舍離」：In the book, the author makes a detailed analysis and solutions to the above phenomena. She promotes "danshari" and defines "danshari": > 通過收拾物品來瞭解自己，整理自己內心的混沌，讓人生更舒適的行為技術。

> A way to make life more comfortable, by tidying up things to understand themselves, tidy up their inner chaos.

斷＝斷絕想要進入自己家的不需要的東西。Dan = Cut off what you dont need to get into your home.舍＝捨棄家裡到處泛濫的破爛兒。Sha = Abandon the rubbish that flooded the house.離=脫離對物品的執念，處於遊刃有餘的自在的空間。 Ri = Get away from the obsession with things, and be in the free space that you can control.

# 解決方法 Solutions

## 思想改變 Change of mind

### 1.不喜歡的就是應該棄掉### 1. What you dont like is that you should abandon it. 既然自己不喜歡，那為什麼要逼迫自己去用呢？Since I dont like it, why should I force myself to use it?要是別人給你用一些亂七八糟的東西，或是一些配不上你的東西，恐怕會覺得羞恥吧。或者應該說，就算是已經習慣了那些東西，沒有特別意識到這一點，但在潛意識裡，你通常還是會因此而感到羞恥。Im afraid youll be ashamed if someone gives you something in a mess or something that doesnt match you. Or, even if youre used to those things and dont particularly realize it, subconsciously, youre usually ashamed of it.<!-- 而且，如果你能通過篩選只留下真正符合自己喜好的東西，那麼整理就會變成一件愉快的事兒，畢竟都是你自己喜歡的東西。把多餘的廢物全都清走，留下的都是自己喜歡的，這麼說起來，這項工作和尋寶、挖掘寶藏倒是極為相似。要把泥裏的東西挖出來很麻煩，可是如果能從泥土裡挖出寶藏呢，那就不會不想動了吧！ -->這裡的「棄掉」不一定就是指要扔進垃圾桶，對於一些還有價值（對別人）的東西，也可以在二手店賣掉，或是送給朋友，物盡其用，這也是斷舍離中「要讓資源得到充分利用」的思想。畢竟，能用的東西，和你用的東西是不同的。Abandonment here does not necessarily mean throwing something into the trash can. For something of value (to others), it can also be sold in second-hand stores or given to friends to make the best use of it. This is also the idea of "making full use of resources" in Danshari. After all, what you can use is different from what you use.

### 2.一些東西不棄掉會造成更大的損失

### 2. Some things will cause greater losses if they are not abandoned.有人捨不得扔掉東西，總是覺得可惜，認為以後會用到。Some people are reluctant to throw away things, always feel regrettable that they will use them in the future.問自己：你捨不得扔掉的東西，是不是一年12個月有11.5個月都派不上用場呢？Ask yourself: The things you grudge to throw away, are they 11.5 out of 12 months useless? 實際上，具有實際價值並且仍在發揮作用的物品，其實只佔你所有物品的兩成。而且，絕大多數時候光靠這兩成的東西就足以應付生活了。換句話說，如果只留下那兩成物品，在五次裏，只有一次會因為沒東西用而困擾(這裡還應考慮使用時間，所以困擾會更少(0.5月/12月))。但是如果保留那八成的物品，會更讓人頭大。In fact, only 20% of all your items are of real value and still functioning. And most of the time, these 20% are enough to cope with life. In other words, if only 20% of the items are left behind, only once in five times will be bothered by uselessness (the time of use should also be considered here, so the bother will be less (0.5/12)). But if you keep that 80% of the items, it will be much more bothered.東西越多，人就越是容易陷入「必須要管理」的狀態，就總會逼著自己去收拾。可是人一旦忙了起來，就怎麼收拾都收拾不完，最後導致物品四處泛濫的狀態。The more things there are, the easier it is for people to fall into the "must manage" state, and they will always force themselves to clean up. But once people get busy, they cant tidy up all the time, which eventually leads to the state of things flooding everywhere.

想一想這些「因為不扔東西而造成的損失」，你的感覺就會好很多。

Think about these "losses caused by not throwing things" and youll feel much better.### 3.用第三者的眼光來看自己### 3. Look at yourself in the eyes of a third party 要是想改變居住環境，首先就必須得進行診斷，要用他人的眼光來看待自己的家。比方說，你去別人家的時候，如果對方家裡亂成一團，你一定會想「這簡直不像話」吧，可住在屋子裡的人，因為已經看不清家裡的真實情況了，所以能毫無所謂地生活在裡面。就這麼想著，等到回了家，你可能就會出乎意料地發現自己家裡其實也差不多。If you want to change your living environment, you must first make a diagnosis and look at your home in the eyes of others. For example, when you go to someone elses house, if the other persons house is in a mess, you will think "its totally unreasonable." But the people who live in the house, they cant see the real situation at home, so they can live in it indifferently. Just think about it. When you get home, you may unexpectedly find that your home is similar.### 4.斷舍離不是要讓我們變得更勤勞。### 4. Danshari is not to make us more industrious.因為不擅長收納，所以就削減物品；因為討厭打掃，所以就不在看得見的地方亂放東西，好讓自己輕鬆一點。Because we are not good at collecting, we cut down on items; because we hate cleaning, we dont put things in places we can see, so that we can relax.

### 5.看向未來

### 5. Looking to the Future有些東西也許是值得紀唸的，也許承載著巨大的情感能量，但把無法發揮原本作用的物品放在一邊置之不理，或者，明明根本不在意那個東西，卻因為某些感情而留著它，你喜歡這樣的自已嗎? 說不定送你東西的人早就忘掉了呢。Some things may be memorable, or they may carry huge emotional energy, but if you put something that cant play the original role of things aside, or, clearly you do not care about that thing at all, but because of certain emotions and keep it, do you like it? Maybe the person who gave you these things has forgotten it long ago.所以，我們要學會向前看，捨棄那些承載著負能量的物品。A New Start is an adventure!So, we need to learn to look forward and discard the things that carry negative energy.## 行動改變 Change of behaviour### 1.從小做起 ### 1.Start Small如果收拾一間屋子可能聽起來令人頭疼，那你完全可以從一個張書桌開始，甚至一個抽屜。

If tidying up a room may sound like a headache, you can start with a desk or even a drawer.

### 2.試著使用高於自我形象的物品### 2. Try to use something higher than your self-image物品是可以映射出未知的自己的。Items can be mapped to an unknown self.把自己每天都在用的，不容易壞，或是即便壞了也無所謂的換成更高品味的東西。(後文還會提到)Change what you use every day but not easy broken,or even if its broken, into something of higher taste. (It will be mentioned later)### 3. 7-5-1 原則看不見的收納空間只能放滿七成。Invisible accommodation space can only be filled up to 70%.

看的見的收納空間放五成。Visible accommodation space can only be filled up to 50%.

給別人看的收納空間放一成。Visible accommodation space which is showed to others can only be filled up to 50%. ↗這個需要藝術細胞，留給讀者自己想像↖ _artistic talent needed, left to the readers own imagination_

# 關於「斷舍離」的更多思考 More thoughts on "Danshari"

## 精髓 Quintessence斷舍離正真的精髓不僅僅只是對一間屋子的斷舍離，更是一種「通過收拾物品來瞭解自己，整理自己內心的混沌，讓人生更舒適的行為技術」。### 進階幸福 Happiness>斷，停止負面的思考模式；>Dan,Stop negative thinking patterns;>舍，順從自己的心，割捨既有；>Sha,Subordinate to your own heart, give up the existing;>離，鬆開「多就是好」的念頭。>Ri, let go of the idea of "more is better".## 自我提升 Self-improvement### 看清自己 See yourself clearly通過不斷的選擇，最後留下的都是符合自己特性的東西，更能看清自己。Through constant choice, the last things left are something that conform to your own characteristics, so that you can see yourself more clearly.### 使自己更有品味 Make yoruself more tasteful 一個人所使用的物品，能夠反映出自我形象。自己在潛意識裡似乎很是畏懼那些高價、高品質的物品，覺得用便宜的東西就剛剛好，很合適。這就表示，自己有一個很不好的習慣——自我貶低。The objects a person uses can reflect his or her self-image. In my subconscious mind, I seem to be very afraid of those high-priced, high-quality goods. I feel that using cheap things is just right and appropriate. This means that I have a bad habit of self-depreciation.日常隨便用一些高級東西也不再感到彆扭的時候，潛意識裡的自我形象也就跟著提高了。The subconscious self-image improves when you no longer feel uncomfortable with some advanced things in your daily life.注意: 高級的東西不一定就是貴的東西，貴的東西也不一定是高級的東西。Note: Advanced things are not necessarily expensive things, expensive things are not necessarily advanced things.### 看待問題態度的改變 Changes in attitudes towards issues更加明白自己所需(精神層面)。Be more aware of what you need (spiritual level).### 向未來 Towards the future向未來，活出不一樣的自己。To the future, live a different self.## 更多看不見的變化會發生 More invisible changes will occur生活更加豐富，家庭更加和睦，等等。Life is richer, family is more harmonious, and so on.這些都是亟待發現的驚喜呀，有一點小期待吧!These are all surprises that need to be discovered urgently. Have a little expectation!> 筆者真的很想「主題閱讀」，但是看過的書實在太少啦QAQ> I really want to do "theme reading", but I have read too few books QAQ.

這篇文章我也在我搭建的博客上更新啦：https://fitzmusk.github.io/2019/05/29/dsl/

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