经过一个月的苦心编纂与译校，这一期相较于创刊号，显然更为丰富有趣了。我们试图提供更多不同面向的新闻，特别聚焦于职场与媒体两大议题，希望能稍微弥补国内新闻在性别议题关注上长久的缺席，并提供读者从国际焦点反思台湾的契机。请大家慢慢看，增进知识也增进常识喔！

杨芳枝  

（国立成功大学台湾文学系教授暨性别与妇女研究中心主任）

Sheryl Sandberg: Why We Have Too Few Women Leaders【TED】

谢乐尔•桑德伯格（Sheryl Sandberg）：为什么我们的女性领袖太少

Facebook首席运营官 Sheryl   Sandberg 注意到，相较于男性，较少百分比的女性能达到专业的顶峰 -- 并针对妇女最高管理层提供3个有力建议：

1. 坐在会议桌／谈判桌上─而不要只待在角落。女性必须相信且追求成功。女人常常低估了自己的能力，在工作场所怯于谈判，并把她们的成功归诸其他外部因素，反之男人却总将之归功于自己。在职场，男人的成功会受人肯定，但女人在职场上的成功却常被认为是不讨喜的。我们应该把女人的成功与受人喜爱连结在一起。 
2. 让妳的伴侣成为妳真正的伴侣。并真正分担家务。
3. 别在离开职场前放弃。举例来说，曾有女性因为将来可能会结婚生子，而放弃升迁，但当时她甚至还没有男友。 Sheryl Sandberg认为，女性应该持续接受工作中的挑战、全力以赴，别因为将来可能有孩子而太早放弃。

相关资料：脸书营运长桑柏格：让更多女性坐上桌子的首席

Columbia Students Continue the Long Tradition Of Women Fighting For   Labor Rights【policymic】

哥伦比亚大学继续维持女大学生争取劳工权利的悠久传统

In   recent years, Columbia University has been the site of a series of ongoing   labor disputes —disputes so outrageous, in fact, that the situation   called for some old- fashioned grassroots organizing.

Last   fall, I helped start a student activist group, Student-Worker Solidarity (SWS),   when the Barnard College desk attendants and clerical workers fought along battle to secure a fair work   contract with an increasingly corporate administration. This semester,   SWS is spearheading a campaign to support the Faculty House dining hall workers, mostly immigrants   and people of color who have seen little-to-no wage increases in the past   decade, who are systematically laid off during academic breaks, and are the   victims of wage theft.

As   one shop leader declared to the crowd at our last rally,   “We are slave laborers … we have been sitting on the back of the bus for too

long.   We demand to come forward.”

近年来，哥伦比亚大学正面对一连串劳资纠纷，而此状况已达到极为恶劣的地步，需要旧式的地方基层组织来帮劳工解决状况。

去年秋天，当巴纳德学院咨询台的服务员和文书人员在和日益企业化的行政组织争取公平的工作契约时，我协助成立『学生工作团体』（SWS）来帮助他们。这学期，学生工作团体开始支持校内食堂工作人员们为争取权益而采取的抗争。这些劳工，大部分是移民和有色人种，在过去十年间，他们几乎不曾加薪，或在学校放假期间被解雇，他们是企业偷窃薪资的被害者。

 就如同一个团体领导者所宣示的：「我们是奴隶劳工……长久以来，我们一直坐在巴士末端。我们要求向前走。」

It's More   Dangerous Than Ever to Be a Female War Reporter【The Atlantic】

比起过去　现今女性从事战地记者是更危险的

Anne   Sebba, a biographer and former Reuters correspondent in Rome. ……The new   edition of Battling for News, Sebba's 1994 history of women reporters, is a   story of women's competence in the field overcoming sexism against them.

But   while she acknowledges that a lot has changed for the better, Sebba has given   the new introduction to Battling for News a downbeat spin. (The book will be re-released in the UK in April.) While   inherent bias in journalism has eased, changes in media technology and combat   tactics have put women reporters in physical peril.

So   that puts men and women under pressure. But women are targeted more, because   a lot of these conflicts are now in Muslim countries, who see Western women   wearing provocative--that's their word, not mine--provocative clothes, and   therefore, they feel, the West has to be taught a lesson, that they're fair   targets, fair game.

The   other thing I've learnt is that male editors, and particularly television   editors, are exploiting women. More women than men graduate in media studies.   They don't know how to find a fixer; they don't know about weaponry; they   don't know where is safe, where is not safe--they just want to prove   themselves. So they might end up in a really dangerous trouble spot without   adequate preparation. And because you're hardly paid, it's often the young,   inexperienced girls who are prepared to do it. And the editors are prepared   to exploit them because it makes exciting news.

安‧席拔（Anne Sebba），一名传记作者，同时也是前路透社驻罗马记者。她于1994年出版的女性报导史《Battling for News》，讲述女性记者在新闻界中如何克服性别歧视。

虽然过往她曾称，许多事情已经好转了，但在今年即将重新出版的《Battling for News》中，她却给了一个较悲观的看法。即使新闻界内部的性别歧视已经减轻了，但媒体科技与战争策略的改变，却让女性记者的身体受到毁灭的危险。

虽然男人和女人都会承受压力，但有更多压力是针对女性而来的。因为现今有许多冲突发生於穆斯林国家，而这些国家认为西方女性的衣著具有「挑逗性」，所以穆斯林国家的人认为，必须给她们一个教训，而且这是十分合理的行为。

另一件我学到的事，是男性编辑（特别是电视编辑），都会剥削女性。从媒体研究学门中毕业的女性较男性为多，她们并不晓得谁是关键人物、不了解武器、不明白何处安全而何处不安全，她们只是急著证明自己。因此，她们可能在没有足够的准备下，就被置于一个极度危险的处境中。而因为薪资微薄，通常只有年轻、经验不足的女性，才会愿意做这些事。这些编辑也乐意去剥削她们，以制造耸动的新闻。

Most Women Would Rather Divorce   Than Be a Housewife【BlogHer】

大部分的女人宁可离婚也不愿意当家庭主妇

The   vast majority of young people -- about 80% of women and 70% of men across all   races, classes, and family backgrounds -- desire an egalitarian marriage in   which both partners share breadwinning, housekeeping, and child rearing. The data come from Kathleen   Gerson's fabulous 2010 book, The   Unfinished Revolution

 However, egalitarian relationships are   difficult to establish. Both work and family are "greedy   institutions,"ones that take up lots of time and energy. Many couples   find that, once children arrive, it's impossible for both to do both with   equal gusto.

She discovered that, while men’s and   women’s ideals are   very similar, their fallback   positions deviate dramatically. Men’s most   common fallback position is to establish a neotraditional division of labor:   70% hope to convince their wives to de-prioritize their careers and focus on   homemaking and raising children. Women? Faced with a husband who wants them   to be a housewife or work part-time, almost three-quarters of women say they   would choose divorce and raise their kids alone.

绝大部分的年轻人──跨越种族、阶级和家庭背景，约80%的女性和70%的男性──渴望一个平等的婚姻，双方能共同养家糊口、整理家事和教养子女。此数据出自2010年凯瑟琳‧格尔森（Kathleen Gerson）巨著《未完成的革命》（The Unfinished Revolution）。

然而，要实践平等关系是特别困难的。工作和家庭两者皆属于需要花费大量时间和精力的「贪婪的机构」。许多夫妻发现，一旦孩子出生之后，两人是不可能以平等的热情去做这两件事情的。

她发现，男性和女性的理想是相似的，但他们在一番衡量后的出路却有显著的差异。大部分男性希望建立一个新传统的分工模式：70%的男性希望说服他们的太太延后就业的优先顺序，并专心在家务和教养孩子。而女人？当丈夫希望他们身任家庭主妇同时兼职工作时，几乎四分之三的女人认为，她们宁可离婚或独自抚养小孩。

Four Reasons Gay Culture Loves   Shows About Straight Older Women

【bitch media】

男同性恋文化喜爱熟女节目的四种因素

黄金女郎或是Designing Women这类以四十岁以上熟女为主、并强调妇女自信有力的电视喜剧，向来为男同志所爱。在好莱坞的异性恋中心主义和年龄歧视运作下，我们看不到太多有关熟女的电视节目。

I would   posit that the very reasons gay men like these shows are the reasons we need   more female characters over 40 on television (and maybe the reasons we don’t   see enough of them, given the hetero-centrism and ageism of Hollywood   decision-making):

一、These women are super-confident

二、They offer another side of life besides   marriage and children.

三、The shows talk for real about sex.

四、They prioritized friendship.

然而我认为，男同志之所以喜欢熟女所主演的电视剧，与我们需要更多四十岁以上女性为主角的电视节目，两者的原因是相同的。这些包括：

一、这些妇女是非常有自信的。

二、他们拥有除了婚姻和孩子的其他生活面向。

三、这些节目谈的是真的性。

四、他们以友谊为优先。

UNESCO Launches Women Make the News 2013【UNESCO】

教科文组织于2013年发起女性撰写新闻活动

On the occasion of International   Women’s Day (IWD), 8 March, UNESCO joins forces with international and   regional partners to launch the annual Women Make the News (WMN) initiative   under the theme, “Towards a Global Alliance on Media and Gender”. This year’s   theme is related to the Global Forum on Media and Gender   (GFMG) to be held in November 2013. It is our intention to draw attention to   the need for a global means, including media partnerships, to follow-up on   the gender and media objectives of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for   Action.

The theme of the United Nations   observance of IWD 2013 is “A Promise is a Promise: Time for Action to End   Violence Against Women.” This theme will be one of the main topics to be   addressed during the Global Forum on Media and Gender. Another key topic will   be integrating media in national gender policies and strategies.

在国际妇女节的周年场合，联合国教科文组织与全球暨区域性的伙伴，以「媒体与性别的全球论坛」为主题，发起「妇女撰写新闻」活动。今年的主题，与2013年11月举办的「媒体和性别全球论坛（GFMG）」相关。我们的用意在于找出一个适于全球性需求的方法（包含媒体的合伙关系），以此作为「北京宣言行动纲领」中性别与媒体两项目标的后续发展。

 2013年联合国庆祝妇女节的主题是「确切的承诺：采取行动制止对妇女的暴力」。该主题将是媒体和性别全球讨论会的重要主题之一。其他关键课题则是将媒体整合于国家性别政治和策略当中。

Bad girls: A history of   unladylike behaviour【The Independent】

 坏女孩：非娴淑行为的历史

Domestic and demure. Neat and   sweet. Sugar and spice and all things nice… but what happens when girls go   bad? It's a subject that has long fascinated, and titillated, the press,   public, and politicians, from whispers over 'fallen women' in the past to   drunken 'sluts' slumped in the gutter in 2013. Now a new book, Girl Trouble,   by the cultural historian Carol Dyhouse, explores the history of our moral   panics over rebel girls, from the late-19th century onwards.

Dyhouse found herself "more   and more interested in rebel girls, bad girls, the ones who went off the   rails. They're not exactly feminist, but they're representing a discontent   with what's in front of them. It allows you an insight into the constraints   young women have operated under. "

驯化且端庄，干净而甜美。女孩在各方面都像糖果与香料一样美好……那如果女孩变坏了，会发生什么事情呢？从过去关于堕落女人的细语，到现今醉倒阴沟的荡妇，长久以来，这个问题始终撩拨、吸引著记者、公众、和政治家的注意。现在，新书《Girl Trouble》，由文化史学家Carol Dyhouse带读者探讨十九世纪末以来对「叛逆女孩」的道德恐慌史。

戴豪斯（Dyhouse）发现她自身对于坏女孩的研究兴趣越来越强烈。坏女孩，是一超越常规的存在，她们并非女性主义者，但她们表达对自身遭遇的种种不满。探索坏女孩，可以让你了解年轻女孩如何操作加诸她们身上的社会限制。

Women Face Fight to Keep Their Rights in Tunisia

【The New York   Times】

在突尼西亚，女性为了保障自身权利必须面对争斗

Tunisia,   perceived by the West as the most secular country in the Arab world and a   staunch promoter of women’s rights, has gone through a rocky transition since   the revolution two years ago that ousted President Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali.   While political pluralism exists for the first time in decades, new freedoms   for some are threatening long-cherished ones for others — in particular those   for Tunisian women.

After   Tunisia gained its independence from France in 1956, the government passed   laws to expand women’s rights, including the right to education and gender   equality. Over the following decades, Islamists were persecuted and exiled   while the government pushed the secularization of society to such an extent   that a decree in 1981 banned women from wearing a veil in public buildings   and universities.

After   the fall of Mr. Ben Ali’s regime, the Ennahda party won elections in October   2011 with a comfortable majority. Since then, worries have grown that one of   its aims is to restrict women’s freedoms in a country where, until recently,   those rights had been taken for granted for decades.

被西方视为最世俗的阿拉伯国家和女性权力最坚毅的促进者──突尼西亚，自从两年前总理阿里班（Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali）被推翻后，已经经历困难重重的转变。尽管政治多元化在过去十年来首次存在，对于一些人而言，他们得来的新自由却正威胁著长久被珍惜的他人的自由──特别是那些突尼西亚妇女的自由。

自从1956年突尼斯从法国获得独立后，政府通过法律扩大妇女的权利，包括教育和性别平等的权利。接下来的几十年，当政府推动社会世俗化之际，伊斯兰主义者被受迫害和流放，例如1981年禁止妇女在公共场合和大学内戴头纱的法令。

本‧阿里政权（Mr. Ben Ali’s regime）倒台后，复兴运动党（Ennahda party）以多数票赢得2011年选战。从那时开始，人们日益担心这十年来所争取的权益将受到侵犯。

Women Killed as ‘Witches,’   in Papua New Guinea, in 2013

【The New York   Times】

2013年在巴布亚新几内亚，女性被指控为「女巫」且惨遭杀害

在巴布亚新几内亚，一名二十岁的女性被指控为女巫，在众人前其被以烧红的热铁折磨，并将其活活烧死。因为该名女性被指控拥有巫术，认为其对一位六岁男童施加巫术，最终导致男童死亡。

The   year 2013 or not, such violence against women is not uncommon in Papua New   Guinea, where “witches” (in reality just women, often older ones) may be   blamed when things go wrong, a reflection of the powerful belief in sorcery   in Papua New Guinea, a Pacific nation just north of Australia. Women are   often identified as witches and   attacked when a man, or child, dies   unexpectedly.

But   there may be other reasons. As the Australian international television station   Australia Network reported, in a resource-rich country undergoing a boom,   accusing a woman of being a witch is an easy way to take her land.

Dame   Carol Kidu, a Papua New Guinean politician, told the station: “There are   other things involved nowadays, like greed, acquisition of people’s   properties and land, and all sorts of things might be all be tied up in all   of this, using killing the sorcerers as a reason to acquire land.”

从以前至今，巴布亚新几内亚对妇女施暴的情况始终存在，当事情不顺遂时，往往会责难「女巫」（实际上只是女性，又通常是较年老的），这反映了巴布亚新几内亚（一个位于澳洲北方的太平洋岛国）强大的巫术信仰。当一个男人或男孩死亡时，妇女往往被视为女巫、备受攻击。

但其中或许还有其他原因。就像澳洲澳大利亚国际电视台网络的报导，在资源丰富的国家，指责女性为巫女，是夺取她们土地的简便方法。

一位巴布亚新几内亚的政治家Dame   Carol Kidu认为：「有许多事情隐藏在背后，比如人性的贪婪、收购人的利益和土地获取……各式各样的原因混杂在一起，成为杀害「女巫」以获取土地的理由。」

Indonesia's   Sexual Education Revolution【The New York   Times】

印尼的性教育革命

（中文翻译取自纽约时报中文网）

Dozens of teenagers who had just   finished a Planned Parenthood training session met with a local official in   this provincial capital and questioned him about the lack of sex education in   their schools. The meeting was part of a   larger effort to push for legislation that would make sex education a   mandatory part of Indonesia’s national curriculum. 

Andreas is one of   hundreds of students who have been trained as peer educators by Planned   Parenthood in Yogyakarta, a province with one of the country’s most progressive   reproductive rights communities. The hope is that they will pass along   information about H.I.V./AIDS, contraception and sexual orientation to their   classmates, most of whom learn about sex through the Internet.

Planned Parenthood in   Yogyakarta has been providing sex education since 2008. More than 50 schools   in Yogyakarta Province have agreed to start using the organization’s   curriculum, which includes lessons about contraception and sexually   transmitted diseases. The Yogyakarta curriculum has been used a loose model   for the proposed national one.

一名当地官员在这一省级特区的首府会见了数十名刚刚上完「计划生育」（Planned Parenthood）培训课的青少年，并被问及为什么他们的学校缺少性教育。这次会见是推动立法、使性教育成为印尼国家课程必修科目的一次重大努力。

安德里亚斯是日惹计划生育培训班培训的数百名将出任同辈小教育者的学生之一。作为省一级的地方特区，日惹是该国在生殖权利方面最进步的社区之一。培训专案希望他们能够将有关爱滋病毒／爱滋病、避孕和性取向等方面的资讯传递给他们的同学。在印尼，青少年大多通过网路获取性知识。

日惹计划生育组织自2008年就开始提供性教育。在省级行政区日惹，有超过50所学校已同意开始使用该组织的课程，而这其中就包括有关避孕和性传播疾病的内容。为向全国推广，日惹课程采取了一种比较宽松的模式。

推动男女同工同酬今天是「同酬日」

【China Times】

“Same Job, Equal Pay”-- Today is the “Equal Pay   Day”

今天(3月2号)是台湾的「同酬日」，根据劳委会的统计资料，台湾女性要比男性多工作61天，才能拿到和男性相同的待遇，台湾男女薪资水准仍然有16.6%的差距，但和先进国家相比，已经是「优等生」的水准。

Today (2   March) is the “Equal Pay Day” in Taiwan. According to the statistics from the   Council of Labor Affairs, women in Taiwan have to work 61 days more than men   in order to get the same pay. The wage gap between men and women is 16.6% in   Taiwan. Compared with other developed countries, Taiwan is doing fairly   well.

相关新闻：男女同工不同酬 立委：落实平等法

先别管印度了，你知道台湾的性侵害现况吗？（数说台湾）

Put India   Aside, Do You Know The Current Conditions of Sexual Assault in Taiwan?

在台湾，性侵害案件数量以每年将近15%的速度成长。超过10%的受害者为男性。性侵害最常发生在当事人家里，包括被害人和加害人家里。而学校教室也是高危险地区。

The number of sexual assaults reaches an annual growth   of 15%. More than 10% of the victims are male. The place most sexual assaults   take place is in the family, either the victims’ or the offenders’ family.   Another place is the classroom.