他虐過你,也給過你最溫柔的旋律?

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圖標

幾乎每一個學過鋼琴的朋友

都不會對 車爾尼 感到陌生

從初階到高階 數量龐大的練習曲

是許多學琴者的 童年虐戀

可是,你知道嗎?

車爾尼並 不僅僅是一位教育家

也是一位傑出的 作曲大師

他那些 唯美旋律 並不該被遺忘


1.維也納的另一位「神童」

1791年2月21日,卡爾·車爾尼生於「音樂之都」維也納,3歲開始學琴的他自幼展現出超乎尋常的記憶力。據說,10歲的車爾尼能夠熟練彈奏莫扎特和克萊門蒂的所有鍵盤作品,因此也被當時的人們視為莫扎特之後的又一「神童」。

他演奏的莫扎特作品,令幼年的車爾尼獲得了極佳的聲譽,他的骨子裡也流淌著維也納古典樂派優雅從容的風格。之後,他成為了19世紀維也納鋼琴學派的奠基人,在古典樂派和浪漫主義音樂的演奏技巧之間架起了一座不可或缺的橋樑!

莫扎特:第40號交響曲

(車爾尼管風琴改編版)

I. Molto allegroHans van Nieuwkoop/Jacques van Oortmerssen - MOZART: Transcriptions for Organ Duet

I. AndanteHans van Nieuwkoop/Jacques van Oortmerssen - MOZART: Transcriptions for Organ Duet

III. MenuettoHans van Nieuwkoop/Jacques van Oortmerssen - MOZART: Transcriptions for Organ Duet

IV. RondoHans van Nieuwkoop/Jacques van Oortmerssen - MOZART: Transcriptions for Organ Duet

莫扎特:安魂曲

(車爾尼改編版,四手聯彈與合唱)

Introit: Requiem aeternam (Soprano, Chorus) - Kyrie eleison (Chorus)Angela Nisi/Alessandro Marangoni/Marco Vincenzi/Ars Cantica Choir - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 1: Dies Irae (Chorus)Ars Cantica Choir/Alessandro Marangoni/Marco Vincenzi/Marco Berrini - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 2: Tuba mirum (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass)Angela Nisi/Gaia Petrone/Massimo Lombardi/Antonio Masotti - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 3: Rex tremendae majestatis (Chorus)Ars Cantica Choir/Alessandro Marangoni/Marco Vincenzi/Marco Berrini - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 4: Recordare, Jesu pie (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass)Angela Nisi/Gaia Petrone/Massimo Lombardi/Antonio Masotti - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 5: Confutatis maledictis (Chorus)Ars Cantica Choir/Alessandro Marangoni/Marco Vincenzi/Marco Berrini - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)

Sequence No. 6: Lacrimosa dies illa (Chorus)Ars Cantica Choir/Alessandro Marangoni/Marco Vincenzi/Marco Berrini - MOZART, W.A.: Requiem (arr. C. Czerny for soli, choir and piano 4 hands) (Ars Cantica Choir, Marangoni, Vincenzi, Berrini)


2.他的啟蒙老師,薩列里

車爾尼在跟隨父親開始學琴後不久,就轉入薩列里門下,在那裡,他不僅習得了正統的鍵盤樂演奏技巧,還收穫了作曲等多方面的音樂教育

雖然一直盛傳有「薩列里害死莫扎特」這一說法,但不可否認的是薩列里是一位相當傑出的作曲家,以及音樂教育者。他門下誕生了貝多芬、胡梅爾、舒伯特、李斯特等名垂青史的音樂大師。

車爾尼:A小調鋼琴協奏曲

I. Allegro moderatoRosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Grand Piano Concerto / Grand Nocturne Brillant / Variations de Concert sur la Marche des Grecs (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)

II. Adagio con moto -Rosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Grand Piano Concerto / Grand Nocturne Brillant / Variations de Concert sur la Marche des Grecs (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)

III. Rondo: Allegro con animaRosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Grand Piano Concerto / Grand Nocturne Brillant / Variations de Concert sur la Marche des Grecs (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)

車爾尼:D小調鋼琴協奏曲

I. Allegro molto agitatoRosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Piano Concerto in D Minor (1812) / Introduction, Variations and Rondo, Op. 60 (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)

II. AdagioRosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Piano Concerto in D Minor (1812) / Introduction, Variations and Rondo, Op. 60 (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)

III. Allegro molto vivaceRosemary Tuck/English Chamber Orchestra/Richard Bonynge - CZERNY, C.: Piano Concerto in D Minor (1812) / Introduction, Variations and Rondo, Op. 60 (Tuck, English Chamber Orchestra, Bonynge)


3.十歲的他,備受樂聖青睞

十歲那年,車爾尼拜訪了貝多芬,並為他彈奏了那部著名的《悲愴奏鳴曲》。「樂聖」聽後大為感動,當下決定收其為徒。

1801-1803年這三年期間,貝多芬免費為他授課,親自指導他彈奏鋼琴。1912年,貝多芬最負盛名的《第五鋼琴協奏曲「皇帝」》便是由車爾尼在首演的。

貝多芬:第五鋼琴協奏曲

魯道夫·塞爾金演奏

Ludwig van Beethoven: Concerto No.5 in E-flat, op.73 Emperor - I. AllegroSeiji Ozawa/Boston Symphony/Rudolf Serkin - Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos

Ludwig van Beethoven: Concerto No.5 in E-flat, op.73 Emperor - II. Adagio un poco mossoSeiji Ozawa/Boston Symphony/Rudolf Serkin - Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos

Ludwig van Beethoven: Concerto No.5 in E-flat, op.73 Emperor - III. Rondo- AllegroSeiji Ozawa/Boston Symphony/Rudolf Serkin - Beethoven: The Five Piano Concertos


4.貝多芬作品的虔誠傳播者

在那個時代,貝多芬雖然被人們奉為一代宗師,但是他的偉大作品,譬如他被視為「鍵盤樂的新約」的32首鋼琴奏鳴曲和不朽的9部交響曲,在那個時代並沒有獲得如今這般的重視。

車爾尼的一生不僅致力於教育,也致力於推廣恩師的作品。他不僅能熟練演奏貝多芬所有的鍵盤樂作品,還大量改編了貝多芬的作品,拓展了它們的傳播空間。

貝多芬:第一交響曲&第五交響曲「命運」

(車爾尼改編版,四手聯彈)

此唱片網易雲音樂上可搜到

貝多芬:「克魯采」奏鳴曲

(車爾尼改編版,大提琴與鋼琴)

I. Adagio sostenuto - PrestoIvan Monighetti/Pavel Gililov - BEETHOVEN, L. van: Cello and Piano Music (Monighetti, Gililov)

II. Andante con variazioniIvan Monighetti/Pavel Gililov - BEETHOVEN, L. van: Cello and Piano Music (Monighetti, Gililov)

III. Finale: PrestoIvan Monighetti/Pavel Gililov - BEETHOVEN, L. van: Cello and Piano Music (Monighetti, Gililov)

值得一提的是,貝多芬逝世後,車爾尼和舒伯特都是其抬棺人。車爾尼有改編過部分舒伯特的作品,包括這首著名的《「鱒魚」五重奏》。

舒伯特:「鱒魚」五重奏

(車爾尼鋼琴改編版)

I. Allegro vivaceAnthony Goldstone/Caroline Clemmow - SCHUBERT, F.: Unauthorised Piano Duos (The), Vol. 1 (Goldstone, Clemmow)

II. AndanteAnthony Goldstone/Caroline Clemmow - SCHUBERT, F.: Unauthorised Piano Duos (The), Vol. 1 (Goldstone, Clemmow)

III. Scherzo and TrioAnthony Goldstone/Caoline Clemmow - SCHUBERT, F.: Unauthorised Piano Duos (The), Vol. 1 (Goldstone, Clemmow)

III. Theme and Variation: Andantino - AllegroAnthony Goldstone/Caroline Clemmow - SCHUBERT, F.: Unauthorised Piano Duos (The), Vol. 1 (Goldstone, Clemmow)

V. Finale: Allegro giustoAnthony GoldstoneCaroline Clemmow - SCHUBERT, F.: Unauthorised Piano Duos (The), Vol. 1 (Goldstone, Clemmow)


5.「鋼琴之王」李斯特的恩師

車爾尼在音樂史上的地位,很大程度是因為他培養了塔爾貝格、李斯特等震懾琴壇的巨匠,以及他那浩如煙海的練習曲。他對鋼琴教育的貢獻無比深遠,他的教學法則和傳承體系對當今的演奏家仍然有著莫大的影響力。

李斯特曾說:我的一切都是車爾尼傳授給我的。1826年,15歲的李斯特完成了《十二首超技練習曲》並將其題獻給恩師車爾尼

李斯特:十二首超技練習曲

別列佐夫斯基演奏

I PreludioBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

II FuseesBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

III PaysageBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

IV MazeppaBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

V Feux FolletsBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

VI VisionBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

VII EroicaBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

VIII Wilde JagdBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

IX RicordanzaBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

X AppassionataBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

XI Harmonies Du SoirBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]

XII Chasse-NeigeBoris Berezovsky - Liszt : 12 Etudes dexécution transcendante [Transcendental Studies]


6.浪漫主義交響曲的無名先驅

車爾尼的音樂創作,並不僅僅局限於鋼琴方面,他的交響曲中有著貝多芬式的鮮明性格和強烈的戲劇性,但一度被貝多芬、柏遼茲等人的光環所掩蓋。至今,車爾尼的交響曲幾乎被世人所遺忘。

下面這兩首作品,是車爾尼交響作品中最具代表性的作品,可以感受到在他那嚴謹縝密的框架結構之下,有著一顆火熱的心,一股涌動的熱血,以及那古希臘式的悲劇感和宿命感

車爾尼:第二交響曲

I. Andante maestoso ma con moto: Allegro vivaceStuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY: Symphonies No.2 and 6

II. Andantino grazioso un poco motoStuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY: Symphonies No.2 and 6

III. Scherzo . Molto vivace. TrioStuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY: Symphonies No.2 and 6

IV. Finale: Allegro vivaceStuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY: Symphonies No.2 and 6

車爾尼:第六交響曲

I. Andante maestoso: Allegro con brioSouth West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY, C.: Symphonies Nos. 2 and 6 (South West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra, G. Nowak)

II. Andante un poco sostenutoSouth West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY, C.: Symphonies Nos. 2 and 6 (South West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra, G. Nowak)

III. Scherzo: TrioSouth West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY, C.: Symphonies Nos. 2 and 6 (South West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra, G. Nowak)

IV. FinaleSouth West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra/Grzegorz Nowak - CZERNY, C.: Symphonies Nos. 2 and 6 (South West German Radio Kaiserslautern Orchestra, G. Nowak)


7.他的室內樂,好聽得令人驚嘆!

此外,車爾尼還創作有大量其他的器樂奏鳴曲、室內樂作品等,作品之豐富,藝術質量之高,令人驚嘆。但令人惋惜的是,這些作品很少被演繹,只有少量被灌錄成唱片,很少在音樂會舞台上出現。

車爾尼:第一小提琴奏鳴曲

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 1 in C Major, Op. 390: I. AllegroWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 1 in C Major, Op. 390: II. AndanteWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 1 in C Major, Op. 390: III. Rondo. Allegro scherzandoWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

車爾尼:第二小提琴奏鳴曲

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 2 in G Major, Op. 390: I. All vivaceWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 2 in G Major, Op. 390: II. Andantino sostenuto. AttacaWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

onatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 2 in G Major, Op. 390: III. Thema con variazioniWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 2 in G Major, Op. 390: IV. Finale. AllegroWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

車爾尼:第三小提琴奏鳴曲

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 3 in F Major, Op. 390: I. Allegro moderatoWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 3 in F Major, Op. 390: II. AndanteWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

Sonatina for Pianoforte and Violin No. 3 in F Major, Op. 390: III. Finale. Allegro vivaceWilfried Kazuki-Hedenborg/Bruno Canino - Carly Czerny: Three Sonatinas for Pianoforte and Violin

車爾尼:長笛與鋼琴二重奏鳴曲

Duo Concertante in G Major, Op. 129: I. AllegroErich Graf/Lee Jordan-Anders - Flute By Keyboard

Duo Concertante in G Major, Op. 129: II. Scherzo: Allegro moltoErich Graf/Lee Jordan-Anders - Flute By Keyboard

Duo Concertante in G Major, Op. 129: III. Andantino graziosoErich Graf/Lee Jordan-Anders - Flute By Keyboard

Duo Concertante in G Major, Op. 129: IV. Allegretto: RondoErich Graf/Lee Jordan-Anders - Flute By Keyboard

車爾尼:引子主題與變奏

(為單簧管、圓號、大提琴、鋼琴而作)

Introduzione - Adagio (引子 - 柔板)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Theme - Allegretto Grazioso (主題 - 優雅的小快板)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 1 (變奏1)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 2 (變奏2)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 3 - Poco Sostenuto (變奏3 - 稍持續的)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 4 - Vivace ed Energico (變奏4 - 活潑有力的)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 5 (變奏5)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 6 - Minore - Sostenuto Quasi Andante (變奏6 - 小調 - 持續准行板)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Var. 7 - Maggiore - Molto Vivo E Brilliante (變奏7 - 大調 - 生動的輝煌)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Adagio (柔板)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

Finale - Allegro Vivace Con Fuoco (終曲 - 活潑熱情的快板)Christine Croshow/Nicholas Bucknall/Christina Shillito - Czerny: Chamber Music

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