有的詞典標註的音標是 /edj?ke??(?)n/，即 /dj?/ 的發音；有的詞典是 [?ed???ke??n]。同理，還有 would you 連讀的時候，輔音 d 和 you 的母音 u 連起來的時候。是類似於「丟」，還是添一個 /?/，變成 /d?/ 呢？

盎格魯野雞語又新一輪音變啦！

別的地方我不敢說，但是我可以告訴你澳洲英語全部顎化了，這類都變成[t?]或[d?]，During啊，sTudent啊全部都變成這樣的音了，所以他們dual和jewel發音是混淆一樣的（找了半天相混的詞終於找到一組）

在英國，把 education 說成 /edju??ke??n/ 的人年紀一般都在80歲開外了，在非常正式演說中偶爾聽到有人會這樣發音，但會被認為發音太做作。今日的英國，人們（主要是講 RP 和 GB 的人羣）普遍發成 /ed?u?ke??n/ 或者 /ed???ke??n/。此外，during 傳統發音 /dju?r??/ 現在普遍是 /d???r??/ 或者 /d???r??/，Tuesday 是 /t?u? zde?/ ，YouTube 是 /ju? t?u?b/，mature 是 /m??t???/。

/s, z, t, d/ + /j/ → /?, ?, t?, d?/ 叫 yod(-)coalescence.

1. WP: Phonological history of English consonant clusters § Yod-coalescence

2. Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.).

3. Wells, John C. (1994). "The Cockneyfication of R.P?". pp 2, 4:

3. Changes accepted into RP. Let us now turn our attention to some of the recent developments and ongoing tendencies in RP. We shall consider in turn the decline of weak /?/, glottalling, l-vocalization, intrusive /r/, yod coalescence, and lexical changes.

……3.5 Obversers have noted an increased tendency towards the coalescence of yod (the semivowel /j/) with a preceding alveolar plosive, so that tj → t?, dj → d?. We can distinguish a number of distinct environments.

(a) Invoving the clitic you or your, as [?w?t?u ?w?nt] what you want, [?p?t???] put your (things down), [?w?d?u ?ma?nd] would you mind, yod coalescence (coalescent assimilation) is well-established in casual RP. It is avoided in careful or mannered style, and is sometimes looked on as a Cockneyism. Where /t/ is involved, it faces a rival in glottalling (3.2 above), as [?w??u] what you...: in the course of time one development or the other must presumably win out. Other cross-word-boundary sequences are less likely to exhibit coalescence: Soviet Union, hundred yards.

(b) Within a word, involving an unstressed vowel in the right-hand environment, RP is drifting towards categorical coalescence. In some words it has long been the norm (picture, soldier), while in others its use in RP is more recent and subject to stylistic variation. Jones (EPD 12th edition, 1963) recognizes both possibilities in actual and gradual, but only /tj/ in perpetual, only /dj/ in graduate; these are now careful pronunciations, with everyday RP variants involving /t?, d?/. In statue and virtue he admits only /tj/, but in LPD I give /t?/ as first choice.(c) Within a stressed syllable (tune, duke), coalescence is still on the whole perceived as non-RP.?1? Nevertheless, traditional RP [tju?n, dju?k] face strong popular competition in [t?u?n, d?u?k]; in near-RP, the first syllable of Tuesday may well be like choose and the last syllable of reduce just like juice. It seems likely that here, too, coalescence may penetrate RP within a few decades. Strangely enough, Cockney usage is divided between yod coalescence and East Anglian-style yod dropping ([tu?n, du?k]: Wells 1982: 330-1).

(1) 注意，Wells 在 2007 年的 博客 中說，不該把此稱為「non-RP」：

Yod Coalescence

Words with traditional /tj, dj/ before a stressed vowel (tube, Tuesday, student, due, reduce, duty, during) were pronounced instead with /t?, d?/ in a massive 46% of cases. In LPD I labelled these variants "non-RP". Clearly I was wrong to do so (even if its true for people of my own advanced age).

4. Cruttenden, Alan (2014). Gimsons Pronunciation of English (8th ed.). pp. 190, 205, 230–231, 313, 320:

  • PDF

Speakers of CGB use /t/ and /d/ + /j/ in words which in GB have /t?/ or /d?/ at the onset of an unaccented syllable, e.g. gesture, culture, virtue, statue, righteous, fortune, literature, question, posture, Christian, soldier, grandeur, actual, punctual, mutual, obituary, individual, gradual, educate. Even in accented positions /t?, d?/ are now well established, although /tj, dj/ can still be heard in CGB and in careful speakers of GB, e.g. in tune, tube, tumour, tunic, Tuesday, Turing, dune, dew, duty, duke, dupe, endure, during.

…… But medially in certain words /?, ?/ are not used by all speakers: (a) before /u?/ or /??/, there is often variation between /?, ?/ and /s, z/ + /j/, e.g. in issue, sexual, tissue, seizure, usual, azure; (b) before other vowels, a similar variation between /?/ and /si/ or /sj/ may occur, e.g. ratio, appreciate, negotiate; (c) before /?/ in certain words the sequences /s, z/ + /i/ or /j/ are more common, e.g. hosier, axiom, gymnasium, Parisian, and especially in comparatives, e.g. easier, lazier. In (a) and (b) CGB will usually use the sequences /s, z/ + /i, j/.…… Many unaccented sequences of /tj, dj, sj, zj/ coalesced in an earlier state of the language into /t?, d?, ?, ?/ (see §§ 9.3.1, 9.4.6). In some cases, e.g. statue, residue, issue, seizure, Christian, immediate, educate, gratitude, usual, visual, Jesuit, the earlier pronunciation with /tj, dj, sj, zj/ has now been re-instated by careful speakers. On the other hand, coalesced forms are increasingly heard in the onset of accented syllables, e.g. /t?, d?, ?, ?/ in tune, dune, assume, presume. Such coalescences also occur in rapid speech at word boundaries, e.g. in not yet /n??t?et/, would you /?w?d?u/, this year /?e????/, sees you or seize you /?si??u/ (see § 12.4.5(2)).

Thus some words with /dj, tj, sj, zj/ may have three alternative pronunciations, e.g. immediate /??mi?d??t, ??mi?dj?t, ??mi?d??t/, Christian /?kr?st??n, ?kr?stj?n, ?kr?st??n/, idiot /??d??t, ??dj?t, ??d??t/, hideous /?h?d??s, ?h?dj?s, ?h?d??s/, assume /??sju?m, ??su?m, ???u?m/, presume /pr??zju?m, pr??zu?m, pr???u?m/.

……(2) Coalescence of /t, d, s, z/ with /j/The process which has led historically to earlier /t, d, s, z/ + /j/ giving /t?, d?, ?, ?/ medially in a word (nature, grandeur, mission, vision—§ 9.3.1) may operate in casual speech at word boundaries, e.g./t/ + /j/—what you want /w?t?u ?w?nt//d/ + /j/—Would you? /?w?d?u//s/ + /j/—in case you need it /?? ke??u ?ni?d ?t//z/ + /j/—Has your letter come? /ha??? ?let? k?m/, as yet /???et/The coalescence is more complete in the case of /t, d/ + /j/ (especially in question tags, e.g. didnt you?, could you?); in the case of /s, z/ + /j/, the coalescence into /?, ?/ may be marked by extra length of friction, e.g. Dont miss your train /?d??mp m????? ?tre?n/.In careful speech, some GB speakers may use somewhat artificial, uncoalesced, forms within words, e.g. nature, question, unfortunate, soldier /?ne?tj?, ?kwestj?n, ?n?f??tj?n?t, s??ldj?/. Such speakers will also avoid coalescences at word boundaries; yet other careful speakers, who use the normal coalesced forms within words, may consciously avoid them at word boundaries. (See also § 12.5 below.)

……

But coalescence is frequent in common phrases such as the auxiliary plus pronoun of phrases like did you, cant you /?d?d?u, ?kɑ?nt?u/ and may occur even in careful speaking, e.g. Would you like a cup of tea? /?w?d?u ?la?k ? ?k?p ?v ?ti?/.

5. 相關閱讀：Glain, Oliver (2012). "THE YOD /j/ : PALATALISE IT OR DROP IT!"6. 相關閱讀：Hannisdal, Bente R. (2006). "Variability and change in Received Pronunciation: A study of six phonological variables in the speech of television newsreaders".

不是念「揪」嗎？

education的讀音是[,?d?uke???n]。

[,?djuke???n]是舊的讀音，現在很少有人這麼讀。

很可惜，國內很多教科書和詞典還在標註舊的發音。

類似的情況還有happy以前的讀音是[h?p?]，而現在一般都讀成[h?pi]，但國內很多教科書和詞典還在標[h?p?]。

[d?]是/dj/的實現方式之一。說白了，任何英式發音中的/dj/，在某些口音裏都可以一律讀成[d?]。

[t]和[d]遇到半母音[j]，一般會連讀成「秋」和「揪」，單詞內和單詞間都這樣

d+j詞內 d+j詞間

education讀成「揪」更常見，美國人肯定這麼讀，英國早期的正統發音是分開發的，記[tj?]和[dj?]。

education多種讀音

很多學生會把graduate，schedule讀成「diu」，其實未必不對啦。

國內最早引進的英語的教材有這麼讀的，很多權威老版大字典...會是這麼標註的

因為

英國很多比較老派正統的讀音是讀成「tju」和「dju」

這個讀法在託福種幾乎裏幾乎沒有出現，在紀錄片這種高層次英國人亂入的情況下，也會出現，反正是很「舊派」「正統」，反而被新一代慢慢淘汰了，哎

好好說英語的人都在老去甚至衰亡了

不過這就是語言啊

一些文學作品朗讀，詩歌朗讀依然按照傳統方法處理，在一些表現身份，階層，歷史，文學，戲劇，詩歌的時候，需要顯得古樸和正統，也會這麼處理

比如《傲慢與偏見》最出名的有聲版本，fortune全部讀成tju，這個版本的英音實在完美演繹我心目中的「英國鄉村愛情故事」恍恍惚惚紅紅火火

1-01 Pride amp; Prejudice - Chapter 1_?

xima.tv圖標傲慢與偏見fortune讀音

很好奇這和某個漢字被普遍讀錯音在性質上有什麼區別

我記得du連讀念「糾」啊，應該是發生了鄂化

語言學有個概念，叫做顎化。

因為高母音發音舌頭位置較高，對輔音產生同化，也就是顎化。顎化現象普遍存在，英語和漢語都有。

educate的du確實要發成「豬」

這是英語中/j/在遇到/d/，/t/後的同化現象/d?/，/t∫/，英式同化較多，美式連讀較多，均可

American accent training 的第七課正好講過這個詞，美音的話發J音，就像題主題目中的「豬」：

題主可以單獨找一下這個視頻聽一下，如何發音怎麼發音都講的很清楚。

至少英國英語更接近「揪」，既不是「丟」（大多數中國人）更不是「豬」（讓我笑一會兒）。

謝邀

英式英語有時候會讀成揪

丟是美式

舉個例子，duty

英音讀揪踢 美音丟踢（大致就是這個意思-。-別真按照漢子發音來讀啊）

發舅

更接近「丟」

之 或者 著

前段時間看了史嘉琳老師在臺大的英語語音學公開課，裡面是這麼講的：

tju,dju 英國人傾向發chu, dgu, 美國人傾向發tu, du;tju,dju基本已經完全脫落了。所以有時反倒故意發tju 的音，比如，one, two, three 中的two故意開玩笑發tju。

就我觀察，好像也不是那麼絕對。

美音裏都不是哦

我沒有聽過有人會發成 丟 的音 之前我也一直是念成 d?u 直到上課時教授用這個來做例子 同學們也都是念成 [?] [??d???ke??n] 我才被糾正過來

這裡再說一下?這個音 在英語中叫作 schwa 用百度翻譯成中文是中母音 對於schwa 教授在Final的規定是：

[?] is very similar to [?], as such if you are thinking of transcribing the vowel as [?] in an unstressed syllable, replace it with schwa.

我只學了點基礎的語言學課程 覺得挺有意思的 以後可能會繼續深入 有興趣的朋友們可以跟我交流哦～

英式英語的話，接近哎揪

美式英語是哎丟

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