台北南陽街英文補習班｜聽BBC學英文:全民瘋世足 Sports idioms-Football

現代足球（Football）運動相傳源於19世紀中期的英國，亦為當今世界上開展最廣、影響最大的體育項目之一，被認為是「世界第一運動」。

在和平年代亦被稱作是「國與國間沒有硝煙的戰爭」，甚至因其豐富的內涵和感染力被視作一門藝術。

Football? Soccer? Rugby? 怎麼分?

Soccer中文意思為「足球」，比賽時用的是黑白相間的圓形足球，而且只能用腳踢、用頭頂，手不能碰到球。球員比賽時也不須特別穿戴保護身體的裝備。

足球運動在歐美地區非常風行，每年的世界盃足球比賽更是一大盛事，(2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil 2014 世界盃足球賽在巴西），球迷各自支持自己國家的代表隊，非常瘋狂，有時比賽結果的輸贏更會造成球迷之間的衝突暴動。

Football的意義較為複雜。【英式英語】中的Football=Soccer；但是【美式英語】中的Football卻是指美式足球。為了與英式英語的 Football區別，美式足球又稱為American Football，用的球是橄欖形的美式足球，且比賽時因衝撞非常激烈，所以球員一定要穿戴特別保護的裝備，看起來非常魁武。

Rugby即所謂的「英式橄欖球」。顧名思義，Rugby所使用的球也是橄欖形狀的，但與美式足球最大的不同在於橄欖球的球員打球時不像美式足球員穿得那麼誇張。

足球相關單字：

場地名稱》

field / pitch　足球場
midfield　中場
backfield　後場
kickoff circle / center circle　中圈
halfway line　中線
touchline / sideline　邊線
goal line　球門線
end line　底線
penalty mark　（點球）罰球點
penalty area　禁區（罰球區）
goal area　小禁區（球門區）

球隊稱謂》

coach　教練
football player　足球運動員
referee　裁判
lineman　巡邊員
captain / leader　隊長
forward / striker　前鋒
midfielder　前衛
left midfielder　左前衛
right midfielder　右前衛
attacking midfielder　攻擊型前衛（前腰）
defending midfielder　防守型前衛（後腰）
center forward　中鋒
full back　後衛
center back　中後衛
left back　左後衛
right back　右後衛
sweeper　拖後中衛
goalkeeper / goalie　守門員
cheer team　啦啦隊

足球技術》

kick-off　開球
bicycle kick / overhead kick　倒掛金勾
chest-high ball　半高球
corner ball / corner　角球
goal kick　球門球
header　頭球
penalty kick　點球
place kick　定位球
pass　傳球
short pass　短傳
long pass　長傳
cross pass　橫傳
spot pass　球傳到位
consecutive passes　連續傳球
triangular pass　三角傳球
flank pass　邊線傳球
take a pass　接球
flying header　跳起頂球
shoot　射門
close-range shot　近射
long shot　遠射
block tackle　正面搶截
body check　阻擋
fair charge　合理衝撞
deceptive movement　假動作
break through　突破
kick-out　踢出界

比賽方式》

half-time interval　中場休息
round robin　循環賽
extra time　加時賽
elimination match　淘汰賽
final match　決賽
preliminary match　預賽
send a player off　判罰出場
red card　紅牌
yellow card　黃牌
draw　平局

聽BBC學英文：

聽完2-3遍之後，對照文字稿，看跟你聽到的有沒有一樣：

Hello, I’m a very interesting and intelligent footballer (足球員).

And today, the sport of football and I are getting together to teach you some English idioms.

I bet you’ve never been taught by the sport of football before!

That’s right. It’s time for kick off in today’s match lesson.

In English, if we’re speaking informally, we can call the start of any event, not just a sports match, the kick off.

The kick off. The start of an event.

Ah, my boss. He’s not very happy with me.

He says I was late for a meeting yesterday. He told me kick off was at 12 o’clock.

But when I arrived, he said I was an hour late.

That’s right. He’s always moving the goalposts.

In English, if someone changes the rules while we are trying to do something, to make it harder, we say they’re moving the goalposts… Argh!

Moving the goalposts.

Like that time I told my students to prepare for a vocabulary test and then gave them a grammar exam! Ha ha ha! I really moved the goalposts. They hated me so much.

Parliament (議會；國會). This is where politicians… argue.

Ah, they’re arguing about… my lessons.

One of the political parties wants to keep them going, while the other party wants to BAN them!

That’s right. It’s a political football.

In English, when politicians from different parties argue about something and try to get an advantage for themselves, we can say it’s a political football.

A political football.

Right, I’m off to win the cup!