我们都知道定冠词 the、不定冠词 a/an 的用法。

但是,我们不乏看到极大量的不用冠词的句子。

于是,一个生僻的问题出现了:

冠词什么时候加,什么时候不加 呢?


This one was posted before

Let me quickly go over the general rules of when to use (a) 「a」, (b) 「the」, and (c) neither 「a」 or 「the」.

You use 「a」 for any one in a group of 2 or more. In Chinese, it is 「某」 (没有指定的)一个。(Note: 「a」 can be used with a singular noun only).

You use 「the」 for a particular one (or more) you have in mind. In Chinese, it is 「那」 (指定的)。(Note: 「the」 can be used with singular or plural noun).

You use neither 「a」 or 「the」 when you discuss one or more items in general. In Chinese, it is 「普遍来说」。(Note: not using 「a」 or 「the」 can be applied to singular or plural noun」.

Note that often you can choose to use 「a」, or 「no-a-or-the」, at your option.

These are all correct:

1. A home is a man』s castle until the queen shows up. (任何一个家是任何一个人的城堡直至那皇后出现).

2. Home is man』s castle until the queen shows up. (家【普遍来说】是人【普遍来说】的城堡直至那皇后出现).

3. A home is man』s castle until the queen shows up. (任何一个家是人【普遍来说】的城堡直至那皇后出现).

Notice we use 「the」 for the 「queen」 because she is designated to be the 「queen」 of the particular home we just talked about.

Let』s apply what you have just learned to your examples:

1. Jack was president of the school. (There is no 「a」 or 「the」 in front of 「president」 because 「president」 is a title. It would be easier to understand if you say: 「Jack was President (or 『president』) of the school. (Note 1)

2. John was a student of the school. (Jack is one (没有指定的任何一个) of the students of the school)。

3. John was a better president than Jack. (In the history of the school, there were many school presidents. Some were better than Jack, but some were worse than Jack. John was 「a」 (one of the many) better president than Jack.

Let me give you a couple of more examples.

You have two churches on your street. You went to one of them yesterday. So you say 「I went to a church on my street yesterday」. If there is only one church on your street and you went there yesterday, you say 「I went to the church on my street yesterday」.

Similarly if your brother has two sons and one of them came to visit you yesterday, you say 「A son of my brother came to visit me yesterday」. If your brother only has one son and he came to visit you yesterday, you say 「The son of my brother came to visit me yesterday」.

I hope it helps.

Note 1: Example 1 (Jack was president of the school)

If there is only 1 president in that school, 「Jack was the president of the school」 is correct. If there are more than 1 president in that school (e.g., President of Geography Club, President of Arts Club, etc.), then 「Jack was a president of the school」 is correct.In either of those examples, 「Jack was president of the school」 (i.e., without 「a」 or 「the」 and not intended to be a title) is not that correct.

没有固定那个词前面要加a/the,哪些不加,这个要看你使用某个词语时候的情景

首先要理解为什么the叫做定冠词,a/an叫做不定冠词

所谓「定」就是指定的意思,比如我们平时讲话的时候,

别人问你:「你刚才说的是哪个啊?」

你回答:「就是那个啊,那个穿红衣服的女的啊!」

这个时候就是指定了,不是别人,就是她,所以就要用the girl in red dress

a/an为什么叫做不定冠词,「不定」=「不指定」,意思就是随便哪个都可以,没有指定,只要是那一类的就行,比如你面前有A苹果,B苹果,C苹果,D苹果,长得都不一样,但都是苹果。你妈妈问你你要吃哪个?你说哪个都行,只要是苹果。「i just want an apple」。如果你指定要那个特别红的A苹果,你就要说,「i want the red one」.


我之前写过一篇关于冠词使用的干货文章,题主可以参考一下,部分答案的节选如下:

很多同学在写作的时候都会遇到冠词(a/the/an)的苦恼,究竟什么时候该用冠词?用哪个冠词?什么时候不用冠词?

偶尔出现的冠词使用问题不会影响你的作文最终得分,但是如果整篇文章的冠词都在靠感觉猜的话,问题就比较大了。

今天这一期托福写作大讲堂,我来帮大家梳理一下冠词的使用规则,让大家使用冠词的时候有理有据,不在烦恼!

冠词本身没有含义,它一般出现在名词前作为限定词,辅助句意传达和理解。英语当中有三种形式的冠词:不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)以及零冠词(不使用冠词)。

Environmental pollution is a major threat to the earth.

Please read the passage below and answer these questions.

It takes more than an hour to reach there.

Life is beautiful, isn』t it?

1. 什么时候使用定冠词(the)?

我们一般会在表示特指的时候使用定冠词(the),无论冠词限定的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。

You need to press the button to drink the water.

2. 什么时候使用不定冠词(a/an)?

我们一般会在可数名词非特指的时候使用不定冠词(a/an),不可数名词不能使用不定冠词限定。

I have a conference call with John once a week.

辅音开头的单词前用不定冠词a限定,母音开头的单词前用不定冠词an限定。

Gender indiscrimination is an important issue.

3. 什么时候使用零冠词?

不可数名词非特指的时候一般不使用冠词。

Knowledge is power.

Friendship is precious.

可数名词通常不能使用零冠词,以下是可数名词不使用冠词的一些特殊情况。

(1)人名

I met Elizabeth yesterday.

(2)称呼/职位

You can give Doctor Sander a phone call if you are not feeling well.

(3)大部分地名

I will visit Europe next month.

New York is a metropolitan city.

注意:

I have been to the United States twice.

The United Kingdom is at the verge of leaving the EU (European Union).

(4)名词前已经有限定词的时候通常不能加冠词

This apple is rotten.

His uncle is Mr. Billy.

Every student should study hard.

希望这份答案对题主有帮助!


冠词的正确用法

1 不定冠词的用法

  冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。  不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于母音音素前,一般读做[en]。 1) 表示"一个",意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。   A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.

 2) 代表一类人或物。

   A knife is a tool for cutting with.

   Mr. Smith is an engineer.

 3) 片语或成语。

   a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden

2 定冠词的用法

  定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有"那(这)个"的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。 1)特指双方都明白的人或物:   Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 2)上文提到过的人或事:    He bought a house. Ive been to the house.

   他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。

 3)指世上独一物二的事物:  the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth  4)单数名词连用表示一类事物,如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人; the living 生者。 5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only, very, same等前面:   Where do you live? I live on the second floor.  你住在哪?我住在二层。   Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.  那正是我要找的东西。 6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:  They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)

  They are teachers of this school.  (指部分教师)

 7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:   She caught me by the arm.. 她抓住了我的手臂。 8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:  the Peoples Republic of China  中华人民共和国  the United States  美国 9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:  She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴。 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:    the Greens  格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) 11) 用在惯用语中:   in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening), the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday, the next morning,in the sky (water,field,country);in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,in the middle (of), in the end,on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre

3 零冠词的用法

 1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary; 2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词;  They are teachers. 他们是教师。 3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;  Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。 4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;  Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。 5)在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;  We go to school from Monday to Friday.  我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词;  The guards took the American to General Lee.   士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。 7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 如:have breakfast,play chess  8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词;  I cant write without pen or pencil.  没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。 9)当by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by bus,by train;  10)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:  school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court 等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;    go to hospital  去医院看病    go to the hospital  去医院 (并不是去看病,而是有其他目的) 11)不用冠词的序数词; a. 序数词前有物主代词  b. 序数词作副词  He came first in the race. c. 在固定片语中  at (the) first,first of all,  from first to last

4 冠词与形容词+名词结构  1) 两个形容词都有冠词,表示两个不同东西。   He raises a black and a white cat.  他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。  The black and the white cats are hers.  这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 2) 如后一个形容词无冠词,则指一物。   He raises a black and white cat.  他养了一只花猫。

5 冠词位置

 1) 不定冠词位置 不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意:  a. 位于下列形容词之后: such,what,many,half,   I have never seen such an animal.   Many a man is fit for the job.

 b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后:

   It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.   So short a time.   Too long a distance.

 c. quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。

但当rather,quite 前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可。如:quite a lot

 d. 在as,though 引导的让步状语从句中,当标语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放形容词后:

    Brave a man though he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。   当名词被比较级形容词修饰时,不定冠词通常置于比较级形容词之后。

2) 定冠词位置

  定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等词之后,名词之前。  All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。

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原文地址:

波斯大帝不养猫:冠词的用法详解?

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英语语法?

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所以我们需要分清楚不同冠词的作用及意义。对于可数名词单数形式而言,它是不可以单独出现在一个句子里的,前面需要有不定冠词a/an,或者其他定语(可能是指示代词this,或者形容词性物主代词my,your等等);对于可数名词的复数形式,它是可以不用冠词的,但是某些情况下可以根据你想表达的意义添加定冠词,eg, I suppose the apples in the supermarket are fresh.(这里就特指的超市里的水果);对于不可数名词而言,它是可以单独使用的.eg,I like money.最后注意那种单复数同行的单词(如Chinese,Japanese等等),你要确定文章指的是一个中国人或者这个中国人还是中国所有人之后在确定是否使用冠词。


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